Unit on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9000 Rockville Pike, Hatfield Clinical Research Center, Room 1-3330, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892-1103, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2011 Oct;58(5):1217-40, xi. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2011.07.004.
This article reviews factors that contribute to excessive weight gain in children and outlines current knowledge regarding approaches for treating pediatric obesity. Most of the known genetic causes of obesity primarily increase energy intake. Genes regulating the leptin signaling pathway are particularly important for human energy homeostasis. Obesity is a chronic disorder that requires long-term strategies for management. The foundation for all treatments for pediatric obesity remains restriction of energy intake with lifestyle modification. There are few long-term studies of pharmacotherapeutic interventions for pediatric obesity. Bariatric surgical approaches are the most efficacious treatment but, because of their potential risks, are reserved for those with the most significant complications of obesity.
本文综述了导致儿童体重过度增加的因素，并概述了目前关于治疗儿科肥胖症方法的知识。大多数已知的肥胖遗传原因主要是增加能量摄入。调节瘦素信号通路的基因对人类能量平衡尤为重要。肥胖是一种慢性疾病，需要长期的管理策略。所有治疗儿科肥胖的基础仍然是限制能量摄入和生活方式的改变。对于儿科肥胖症的药物治疗干预，很少有长期研究。减重手术方法是最有效的治疗方法，但由于其潜在风险，仅保留给那些肥胖并发症最严重的患者。
