Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, UK.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2011 Dec;20(11-12):551-60. doi: 10.1007/s00787-011-0219-8. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
The present study aimed to compare the level and pattern of cognitive deficits in patients with early-onset psychoses with an age, gender and IQ matched control group. In order to ensure a representative sample of patients with psychoses, participants with an IQ of less than 70 were included. Forty-eight patients with an onset of psychoses before the age of 16, and 47 age, gender and IQ matched controls without psychoses were recruited. Psychotic symptomatology was assessed using the Schedules for Clinical Assessment to obtain DSM-IV and ICD-10 diagnoses. Positive and negative symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale. Levels of cognitive function were measured using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. A pattern of specific impairments was not found, with few significant differences between the two cohorts. However both cohort groups performed lower than age derived norms. Therefore it appears that there are global cognitive deficits rather than specific deficits in early-onset psychoses when compared to normative data, in-line with conclusions of early-onset schizophrenia research, but patients did not have greater deficit than controls when matched on IQ, gender and age, even after excluding participants with IQ less than 70.
本研究旨在比较早发性精神病患者与年龄、性别和智商匹配的对照组之间认知缺陷的水平和模式。为了确保精神病患者样本具有代表性，纳入了智商低于 70 的参与者。共招募了 48 名 16 岁前发病的精神病患者和 47 名年龄、性别和智商匹配的无精神病对照组。使用临床评估时间表评估精神病症状，以获得 DSM-IV 和 ICD-10 诊断。使用阳性和阴性症状量表评估阳性和阴性症状。使用综合神经心理学测试来测量认知功能水平。未发现特定的损伤模式，两个队列之间只有少数差异具有统计学意义。然而，两个队列的表现都低于年龄相关的正常值。因此，与正常数据相比，早发性精神病似乎存在全面的认知缺陷，而不是特定的缺陷，这与早发性精神分裂症研究的结论一致，但在匹配智商、性别和年龄后，即使排除智商低于 70 的参与者，患者的缺陷也没有对照组大。
