Department of Kinesiology, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2012 Jun;112(6):2213-22. doi: 10.1007/s00421-011-2194-7. Epub 2011 Oct 14.
The kinetic parameters of absorption and distribution of ingested water (300 ml labeled with D(2)O; osmolality <20 mOsm kg(-1)) in the body water pool (BWP) and of its disappearance from this pool were estimated in 36 subjects from changes in plasma or urine deuterium to protium ratio (D/H) over 10 days using one- and two-compartment and a non-compartmental pharmacokinetic models (1-CM, 2-CM and N-CM which applied well to 58, 42 and 100% of the subjects, respectively). Compared with the volume and turnover of the BWP computed with the slope-intercept method (60.7 ± 4.1% body mass or 72.7 ± 3.2% lean body mass; turnover 4.58 ± 0.80 l day(-1): i.e., complete renewal in 50 days; n = 36), the values were accurately estimated with the N-CM and 1-CM and were slightly overestimated and underestimated, respectively, with the 2-CM (7-8% difference, significant for water clearance only). Ingested water appeared in plasma and blood cells within 5 min and the half-life of absorption (~11-13 min) indicates a complete absorption within ~75-120 min. The 2-CM showed that in 42% of the subjects, ingested water quickly distributed within a central compartment before diffusing with a very short half-life (12.5 ± 4.3 min) to a peripheral compartment (18.5 ± 4.3 and 31.6 ± 6.4 L, respectively), which were in complete equilibrium within ~90 min. Pharmacokinetic analyses of water labeled with D(2)O can help describe water absorption and distribution, for which there is no well defined reference method and value; depending on the characteristics of the subjects and the drinks, and of environmental conditions.
在 36 名受试者中，通过在 10 天内测量血浆或尿液中氘与质子的比率（D/H）的变化，估计了摄入的水（300ml 用 D（2）O 标记；渗透压<20mOsm kg（-1））在体水池（BWP）中的吸收和分布动力学参数，以及其从该池中的消失。使用单室和双室以及非房室药代动力学模型（1-CM、2-CM 和 N-CM，分别适用于 58%、42%和 100%的受试者）来估计这些参数。与斜率截距法计算的 BWP 体积和周转率（60.7±4.1%体重或 72.7±3.2%瘦体重；周转率 4.58±0.80 l·d（-1）：即，约 50 天完全更新；n=36）相比，N-CM 和 1-CM 可以准确估计这些值，而 2-CM 则略微高估和低估这些值（仅对水清除率有差异）。摄入的水在 5 分钟内出现在血浆和血细胞中，吸收半衰期（11-13 分钟）表明在75-120 分钟内完全吸收。2-CM 显示，在 42%的受试者中，摄入的水迅速分布在中央隔室中，然后以非常短的半衰期（12.5±4.3 分钟）扩散到外周隔室（分别为 18.5±4.3 和 31.6±6.4L），在~90 分钟内达到完全平衡。用 D（2）O 标记的水的药代动力学分析有助于描述水的吸收和分布，因为目前还没有明确的参考方法和值；这取决于受试者、饮料和环境条件的特征。
