Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2012 Sep;8(3):863-81. doi: 10.1007/s12015-011-9328-5.
Articular cartilage (AC), situated in diarthrodial joints at the end of the long bones, is composed of a single cell type (chondrocytes) embedded in dense extracellular matrix comprised of collagens and proteoglycans. AC is avascular and alymphatic and is not innervated. At first glance, such a seemingly simple tissue appears to be an easy target for the rapidly developing field of tissue engineering. However, cartilage engineering has proven to be very challenging. We focus on time-dependent processes associated with the development of native cartilage starting from stem cells, and the modalities for utilizing these processes for tissue engineering of articular cartilage.
关节软骨(AC)位于长骨末端的关节内,由嵌入富含胶原蛋白和蛋白聚糖的细胞外基质中的单一细胞类型(软骨细胞)组成。AC 是无血管和无淋巴的,也没有神经支配。乍一看,这种看似简单的组织似乎是快速发展的组织工程领域的一个容易的目标。然而,软骨工程已经被证明是非常具有挑战性的。我们专注于与从干细胞开始的天然软骨发育相关的时间依赖性过程,以及利用这些过程进行关节软骨组织工程的方式。