Institut de Génétique Humaine, CNRS, 141, Rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2011 Nov 23;12(12):799-814. doi: 10.1038/nrm3230.
Cellular memory is provided by two counteracting groups of chromatin proteins termed Trithorax group (TrxG) and Polycomb group (PcG) proteins. TrxG proteins activate transcription and are perhaps best known because of the involvement of the TrxG protein MLL in leukaemia. However, in terms of molecular analysis, they have lived in the shadow of their more famous counterparts, the PcG proteins. Recent advances have improved our understanding of TrxG protein function and demonstrated that the heterogeneous group of TrxG proteins is of critical importance in the epigenetic regulation of the cell cycle, senescence, DNA damage and stem cell biology.
细胞记忆由两组相互拮抗的染色质蛋白提供，分别称为转录激活因子（TrxG）和多梳抑制复合物（PcG）蛋白。TrxG 蛋白激活转录，由于 TrxG 蛋白 MLL 参与白血病，因此最为人所知。然而，就分子分析而言，它们一直处于更著名的 PcG 蛋白的阴影之下。最近的进展提高了我们对 TrxG 蛋白功能的理解，并证明了 TrxG 蛋白这一类具有异质性的蛋白在细胞周期、衰老、DNA 损伤和干细胞生物学的表观遗传调控中具有至关重要的作用。
