Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutritional Physiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Adv Nutr. 2011 Jan;2(1):8-14. doi: 10.3945/an.110.000026. Epub 2011 Jan 10.
There is increasing interest in the potential health benefits of dietary flavonoids. Fruits and vegetables, tea, and cocoa are rich natural sources of flavonoids. Epidemiological studies have indicated that consumption of these foods is likely to be associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, but the etiology of this benefit is not yet clearly defined. Furthermore, in some acute interventions, a positive effect of tea and cocoa on vascular function has been reported. An alternative source of flavonoids is dietary supplements, which have become increasingly popular in the recent past. In this context, it needs to be critically evaluated whether vascular health-promoting and other positive properties of flavonoid-rich diets can be replaced by purified flavonoids as dietary supplements. Plant sources of flavonoids contain a complex mixture of secondary plant metabolites and not only flavonoids per se. This complex mixture of secondary plant metabolites cannot be simply exchanged by single purified compounds as dietary supplements. If flavonoids are given as dietary supplements, toxicity issues as well as nutrient drug interactions need to be taken into account. Purified flavonoids given in high doses as dietary supplements may affect trace element, folate, and vitamin C status. Furthermore, they may exhibit antithyroid and goitrogenic activities. In this review article, the available literature on the safety issues surrounding high dose supplemental flavonoid consumption has been summarized.
人们对饮食类黄酮潜在的健康益处越来越感兴趣。水果、蔬菜、茶和可可都是富含类黄酮的天然来源。流行病学研究表明，这些食物的消费可能与降低心血管疾病的风险有关，但这种益处的病因尚未明确界定。此外，在一些急性干预中，已经报道了茶和可可对血管功能的积极影响。类黄酮的另一个来源是膳食补充剂，它们在最近变得越来越流行。在这种情况下，需要批判性地评估富含类黄酮的饮食促进血管健康和其他积极特性是否可以被纯化的类黄酮作为膳食补充剂所替代。类黄酮的植物来源含有复杂的次生植物代谢物混合物，而不仅仅是类黄酮本身。这种复杂的次生植物代谢物混合物不能简单地用单一的纯化化合物作为膳食补充剂来替代。如果将类黄酮作为膳食补充剂，需要考虑到毒性问题以及营养药物相互作用。作为膳食补充剂给予高剂量的纯化类黄酮可能会影响微量元素、叶酸和维生素 C 的状态。此外，它们可能表现出抗甲状腺和致甲状腺肿的活性。在这篇综述文章中，总结了有关高剂量补充类黄酮消费的安全性问题的现有文献。
