Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Kimberly Research and Extension Center, Kimberly, ID 83341-5082, USA.
J Insect Sci. 2011;11:161. doi: 10.1673/031.011.16101.
Attraction of adult codling moths, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), to sweet baits has been well documented. However, beneficial effects of sugar feeding on moth fitness have not been demonstrated. Longevity, fecundity, and egg fertility were examined for female/male pairs of moths maintained with the following food regimens: water, sucrose water, honey water, apple juice, apple flesh, or starved, i.e., no food or water provided. Longevity and total fecundity were enhanced in all treatments relative to the starved treatment moths. Sucrose water, honey water, and apple juice treatments yielded the highest longevity, but total fecundity was highest for moths maintained on honey water or apple juice. Total egg fertility did not differ among treatments. However, egg fertility declined more gradually over the female lifespan for the three aqueous solution diets of sucrose water, honey water, and apple juice. Similarly, fecundity per day declined more gradually over time for honey water and apple juice treatments. Performance of moths maintained with apple flesh was generally intermediate between that of moths with water and the three aqueous solution treatments. This suggests that moths benefit from feeding on ripe apple flesh, although apple may be more difficult to ingest or its nutrients less concentrated compared to aqueous solutions. The results presented here may explain attraction of adult moths to sweet baits as well as to odors from ripe fruit, which may be a natural source of food in the fall.
成虫期的天幕毛虫（Cydia pomonella）（鳞翅目：卷叶蛾科）对甜味诱捕剂的吸引力已得到充分证实。然而，糖喂养对飞蛾适应性的有益影响尚未得到证明。本研究检测了以下几种饲养条件下雌雄蛾对寿命、繁殖力和卵育力的影响：水、蔗糖水、糖水、苹果汁、苹果肉或饥饿（即不提供食物或水）。与饥饿处理的蛾相比，所有处理组的寿命和总繁殖力都得到了提高。在所有处理组中，蔗糖水、糖水和苹果汁处理组的寿命最长，但在蜂蜜水或苹果汁处理组中，总繁殖力最高。总卵育力在不同处理组之间没有差异。然而，对于蔗糖水、糖水和苹果汁这三种水溶液饲料，雌蛾的卵育力随着其寿命的延长而逐渐下降。同样，随着时间的推移，蜂蜜水和苹果汁处理组的每日产卵量也逐渐下降。用苹果肉饲养的飞蛾的性能通常介于用水饲养和三种水溶液处理之间。这表明，尽管与水溶液相比，苹果可能更难摄入或其营养成分不那么集中，但飞蛾从成熟的苹果果肉中受益。本研究结果可以解释成年飞蛾对甜味诱饵的吸引力，以及对成熟果实气味的吸引力，因为成熟果实可能是秋季的一种天然食物来源。
