Division of Urology, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto (JYL), Toronto, Ontario,
J Urol. 2012 Mar;187(3):998-1002. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2011.10.160. Epub 2012 Jan 20.
Virtual reality simulators are often used for surgical skill training since they facilitate deliberate practice in a controlled, low stakes environment. However, to be considered for assessment purposes rigorous construct and criterion validity must be demonstrated. We performed face, content, construct and concurrent validity testing of the dV-Trainer™ robotic surgical simulator.
Urology residents, fellows and attending surgeons were enrolled in this institutional review board approved study. After a brief introduction to the dV-Trainer each subject completed 3 repetitions each of 4 virtual reality tasks on it, including pegboard ring transfer, matchboard object transfer, needle threading of rings, and the ring and rail task. One week later subjects completed 4 similar tasks using the da Vinci® robot. Subjects were assessed on total task time and total errors using the built-in scoring algorithm and manual scoring for the dV-Trainer and the da Vinci robot, respectively.
Seven experienced and 13 novice robotic surgeons were included in the study. Experienced surgeons were defined by greater than 50 hours of clinical robotic console time. Of novice robotic surgeons 77% ranked the dV-Trainer as a realistic training platform and 71% of experienced robotic surgeons ranked it as useful for resident training. Experienced robotic surgeons outperformed novices in many dV-Trainer and da Vinci robot exercises, particularly in the number of errors. On pooled data analysis dV-Trainer total task time and total errors correlated with da Vinci robot total task time and total errors (p = 0.026 and 0.011, respectively).
This study confirms the face, content, construct and concurrent validity of the dV-Trainer, which may have a potential role as an assessment tool.
虚拟现实模拟器常用于手术技能培训，因为它们可以在受控的低风险环境中促进刻意练习。然而，为了评估目的，必须证明其具有严格的结构和标准效度。我们对 dV-Trainer™机器人手术模拟器进行了表面、内容、结构和同时效度测试。
这项经机构审查委员会批准的研究纳入了泌尿科住院医师、研究员和主治医生。在简要介绍了 dV-Trainer 后，每位受试者都在上面完成了 4 项虚拟现实任务各 3 次重复，包括钉板环转移、拼板物体转移、环穿线和环轨任务。一周后，受试者使用达芬奇机器人完成了 4 项类似的任务。使用内置评分算法和手动评分，分别对 dV-Trainer 和达芬奇机器人的总任务时间和总错误进行了评估。
本研究纳入了 7 名经验丰富的和 13 名新手机器人外科医生。经验丰富的外科医生定义为具有超过 50 小时的临床机器人控制台时间。在新手机器人外科医生中，有 77%的人认为 dV-Trainer 是一个现实的培训平台，71%的经验丰富的机器人外科医生认为它对住院医师培训有用。在许多 dV-Trainer 和达芬奇机器人练习中，经验丰富的机器人外科医生的表现均优于新手，尤其是在错误数量方面。在汇总数据分析中，dV-Trainer 的总任务时间和总错误与达芬奇机器人的总任务时间和总错误相关（p=0.026 和 0.011）。
这项研究证实了 dV-Trainer 的表面、内容、结构和同时效度，它可能具有作为评估工具的潜力。
