Shrestha S M
Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
J Commun Dis. 1990 Mar;22(1):27-32.
To assess the prevalence of BHV infection in Nepal sera of 2,555 healthy individuals of different age groups from different parts of the country were examined for the markers of the infection. BHsAg and anti-HBs were assayed by R-PHA and PHA methods respectively and anti-HBc by ETA method. Anti-HBc was positive in 43.5 per cent of 2,555 sera of healthy individuals in Nepal. HBsAg was in 0.9 per cent (1.5 per cent in male and 0.5 per cent in female) and anti-HBs in 7.7 per cent (7 per cent in male and 8 per cent in female). The prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBs was higher in urban than in rural areas, and the highest prevalence of these markers was noted in health care personnels (HBsAg 2.6 per cent and anti-HBs 17 per cent). HBsAg was not detectable in infants and young children, and the highest prevalence rate was observed in 6 to 15 years age group. The main mode of spread of HBV infection in Nepal was the horizontal transmission in pre-adolescent and adolescent children. HBV infection is common in Nepal but the BHsAg carrier rate is much lower than reported from other Asian countries.
为评估尼泊尔BHV感染的流行情况，对该国不同地区2555名不同年龄组健康个体的血清进行了感染标志物检测。分别采用反向被动血凝试验（R-PHA）和被动血凝试验（PHA）检测乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）和乙肝表面抗体（抗-HBs），采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ETA）检测乙肝核心抗体（抗-HBc）。尼泊尔2555名健康个体血清中，抗-HBc阳性率为43.5%。HBsAg阳性率为0.9%（男性为1.5%，女性为0.5%），抗-HBs阳性率为7.7%（男性为7%，女性为8%）。HBsAg和抗-HBs的流行率城市高于农村，医护人员中这些标志物的流行率最高（HBsAg为2.6%，抗-HBs为17%）。婴幼儿中未检测到HBsAg，6至15岁年龄组的流行率最高。尼泊尔乙肝病毒（HBV）感染的主要传播方式是青春期前和青春期儿童的水平传播。HBV感染在尼泊尔很常见，但HBsAg携带率远低于其他亚洲国家的报告。
