Pagano Maria E, Hirsch Barton J
Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-5080, USA.
J Child Fam Stud. 2007 Jun 1;16(3):347-357. doi: 10.1007/s10826-006-9090-5.
Prior research on adolescent peer relationships has focused on interpersonal dimensions of friendships but not of romantic relationships, and has rarely examined minority groups. We used a random sample of 122 adolescents to examine race and gender differences in friendships, romantic relationships, and the congruence between closest friendship and romantic relationship on five interpersonal domains: mutual support, self-disclosure, hurtful conflict, fear of betrayal, and interpersonal sensitivity. Significant race by gender differences in the difference between relationship type for both positive and negative dimensions of relationships were found. White girls reported significantly higher levels of self-disclosure in their friendship ties in comparison to romantic relationship, whereas white boys reported nearly equivalent levels. In comparison to white adolescents, Black adolescent girls and boys had similar levels of self-disclosure in their romantic relationships as their same-sex friendships. With regards to negative elements of relationships, girls reported more hurtful conflict in romance than friendship, whereas boys reported an opposite pattern. Results highlight the importance of consideration of race and gender influences on youth interpersonal skills within peer and romantic relationships.
先前关于青少年同伴关系的研究主要集中在友谊的人际维度，而非恋爱关系，并且很少研究少数群体。我们抽取了122名青少年的随机样本，以考察在友谊、恋爱关系以及最亲密的友谊与恋爱关系在相互支持、自我表露、伤害性冲突、背叛恐惧和人际敏感这五个人际领域的一致性方面的种族和性别差异。研究发现，在关系的积极和消极维度上，关系类型差异存在显著的种族与性别交互作用。与恋爱关系相比，白人女孩在友谊关系中的自我表露水平显著更高，而白人男孩报告的水平几乎相当。与白人青少年相比，黑人青少年女孩和男孩在恋爱关系中的自我表露水平与同性友谊中的相似。关于关系中的消极因素，女孩报告在恋爱中比在友谊中有更多伤害性冲突，而男孩报告的模式则相反。研究结果凸显了在同伴和恋爱关系中考虑种族和性别对青少年人际技能影响的重要性。
