School of Health Sciences, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
Int J Drug Policy. 2012 May;23(3):188-97. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2012.01.008. Epub 2012 Feb 17.
Mephedrone injecting has recently been reported in Romania, Slovenia, Guernsey and Ireland. The research reported here aimed to describe the experiences of a group of Irish injecting drug users, who were injecting mephedrone based headshop products prior to the introduction of legislative controls in Ireland, with particular focus on pre- and post-legislative use, effects of injecting mephedrone, settings and contexts for injecting, polydrug use and serial drug injecting, risk perceptions and harm reduction practises.
Following a predevelopment phase with a Privileged Access Interviewer, in-depth interviews using a phenomenological approach were conducted with eleven attendees of a low threshold harm reduction service.
The findings describe the abuse potential of these mephedrone based headshop products when used by intravenous injection. Although participants were aware of risks and safe injecting practises, compulsive re injecting with excessive binge use over long periods of time was common. Nasal to injection route transitions, intense paranoia, violent behaviour and aggression, emergence of Parkinson type symptomatologies (in the form of spasms and 'wobbling'), and permanent numbness in lower extremities were reported. Multi and serial drug injecting with heroin was used in efforts to manage the intense rush and avoid unpleasant comedown. Participants reported limb abscesses, vein clotting, damage and recession resulting from product toxicity, crystallisation of the products when diluted and flushing practises. Seven participants were homeless, with groin and street injecting common. Following legislative changes use of mephedrone products declined due to closure of headshops, increased street prices, concerns around contamination and the emergence of new street stimulant drugs.
Continued monitoring of drug displacement patterns in post legislative time frames is advised, alongside longitudinal ethnographic research to track the diffusion of mephedrone and other cathinone derivatives within injecting networks. Further investigation of the adverse health consequences of these drugs on injection is warranted.
最近在罗马尼亚、斯洛文尼亚、根西岛和爱尔兰报告了使用美沙酮注射的情况。本研究旨在描述一组爱尔兰注射吸毒者的经历，他们在爱尔兰引入立法管制之前曾使用基于摇头丸的专卖店产品进行美沙酮注射，特别关注立法前后的使用情况、注射美沙酮的效果、注射场所和环境、多药物使用和连续药物注射、风险认知和减少伤害的实践。
在与特权准入访谈者进行预开发阶段后，采用现象学方法对参加低门槛减少伤害服务的 11 名参与者进行了深入访谈。
这些基于摇头丸的专卖店产品当被静脉注射时，其滥用潜力得到了描述。尽管参与者意识到了风险和安全注射实践，但长时间过度狂欢和强制再次注射的情况很常见。从鼻内注射途径转变为强烈的偏执狂、暴力行为和攻击性、帕金森症症状（痉挛和“摇晃”）的出现，以及下肢永久性麻木等情况也有报道。为了控制强烈的快感并避免不愉快的消退，多药物和连续注射海洛因。参与者报告了肢体脓肿、静脉血栓形成、因产品毒性导致的血管损伤和衰退、产品稀释时结晶以及冲洗实践。7 名参与者无家可归，腹股沟和街头注射很常见。随着专卖店的关闭、街头价格的上涨、对污染的担忧以及新的街头刺激药物的出现，立法变更后美沙酮产品的使用减少。
建议在立法后时间框架内继续监测药物替代模式，并进行纵向人种学研究，以跟踪美沙酮和其他卡西酮衍生物在注射网络中的扩散。有必要进一步调查这些药物对注射的不良健康后果。
