Department of Psychology, Yale University, 2 Hillhouse Ave, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Psychiatr Serv. 2012;63(5):496-9. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201100265.
Biomedical accounts of mental disorders are increasingly prevalent but can yield pessimism about prognosis and fail to reduce stigma. The authors tested whether information emphasizing the treatability of mental disorders could reduce stigma by contradicting the prognostic pessimism associated with biological attributions.
A total of 249 participants recruited online read vignettes about two individuals--one with schizophrenia and one with borderline personality disorder. The vignettes attributed the disorders to biological or nonbiological causes and did or did not include information about treatment. Participants' attitudes toward the individual were assessed with social distance scales.
Participants who received information about treatment had more positive attitudes toward the individual described in the vignette if the disorder was attributed to a biological cause, but treatment information had no such effect if the disorder was attributed to a nonbiological cause.
Combining biomedical accounts of psychopathology with information about treatment appears to be an effective destigmatization approach.
越来越多的医学文献对精神障碍进行了生物医学方面的描述，但这可能会导致对预后的悲观态度，并不能减少污名化。作者通过反驳与生物学归因相关的预后悲观主义，检验强调精神障碍可治疗性的信息是否可以减少污名化。
共有 249 名参与者在网上阅读了两个个体的简介——一个患有精神分裂症，一个患有边缘型人格障碍。这些简介将这些障碍归因于生物或非生物原因，并提供或不提供有关治疗的信息。参与者使用社会距离量表评估他们对个体的态度。
如果将疾病归因于生物原因，那么收到治疗信息的参与者对案例中描述的个体的态度更为积极，但如果将疾病归因于非生物原因，那么治疗信息则没有这种效果。
将精神病理学的生物医学描述与治疗信息相结合，似乎是一种有效的去污名化方法。
