Bulte Jeff W M, Walczak Piotr, Gleich Bernhard, Weizenecker Jürgen, Markov Denis E, Aerts Hans C J, Boeve Hans, Borgert Jörn, Kuhn Michael
Russell H. Morgan Dept. of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng. 2011;7965:79650z. doi: 10.1117/12.879844.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cell tracking has become an important non-invasive technique to interrogate the fate of cells upon transplantation. At least 6 clinical trials have been published at the end of 2010, all of which have shown that real-time monitoring of the injection procedure, initial engraftment, and short-term biodistribution of cells is critical to further advance the field of cellular therapeutics. In MRI cell tracking, cells are loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particles that provide an MRI contrast effect through microscopic magnetic field disturbances and dephasing of protons. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) has recently emerged as a potential cellular imaging technique that promises to have several advantages over MRI, primarily linear quantification of cells, a higher sensitivity, and "hot spot" tracer identification without confounding background signal. Although probably not fully optimized, SPIO particles that are currently used as MRI contrast agent can be employed as MPI tracer. Initial studies have shown that cells loaded with SPIO particles can give a detectable MPI signal, encouraging further development of MPI cell tracking.
磁共振成像（MRI）细胞追踪已成为一种重要的非侵入性技术，用于探究细胞移植后的命运。截至2010年底，至少已发表了6项临床试验，所有这些试验均表明，对细胞注射过程、初始植入及短期生物分布进行实时监测对于进一步推动细胞治疗领域的发展至关重要。在MRI细胞追踪中，细胞被加载超顺磁性氧化铁（SPIO）颗粒，这些颗粒通过微观磁场干扰和质子去相位提供MRI对比效应。磁性粒子成像（MPI）最近已成为一种潜在的细胞成像技术，有望比MRI具有多个优势，主要包括细胞的线性定量、更高的灵敏度以及无混淆背景信号的“热点”示踪剂识别。尽管可能尚未完全优化，但目前用作MRI造影剂的SPIO颗粒可作为MPI示踪剂使用。初步研究表明，加载SPIO颗粒的细胞可产生可检测的MPI信号，这鼓励了MPI细胞追踪的进一步发展。
