Earth and Life Institute ELI, Biodiversity Research Centre BDIV, Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e32606. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032606. Epub 2012 Feb 28.
Diapause, a condition of developmental arrest and metabolic depression exhibited by a wide range of animals is accompanied by complex physiological and biochemical changes that generally enhance environmental stress tolerance and synchronize reproduction. Even though some aspects of diapause have been well characterized, very little is known about the full range of molecular and biochemical modifications underlying diapause in non-model organisms.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this study we focused on the parasitic wasp, Praon volucre that exhibits a pupal diapause in response to environmental signals. System-wide metabolic changes occurring during diapause were investigated using GC-MS metabolic fingerprinting. Moreover, proteomic changes were studied in diapausing versus non-diapausing phenotypes using a combination of two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and mass spectrometry. We found a reduction of Krebs cycle intermediates which most likely resulted from the metabolic depression. Glycolysis was galvanized, probably to favor polyols biosynthesis. Diapausing parasitoids accumulated high levels of cryoprotective polyols, especially sorbitol. A large set of proteins were modulated during diapause and these were involved in various functions such as remodeling of cytoskeleton and cuticle, stress tolerance, protein turnover, lipid metabolism and various metabolic enzymes.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The results presented here provide some first clues about the molecular and biochemical events that characterize the diapause syndrome in aphid parasitoids. These data are useful for probing potential commonality of parasitoids diapause with other taxa and they will help creating a general understanding of diapause underpinnings and a background for future interpretations.
滞育是一种广泛存在于动物界的发育停滞和代谢抑制状态，伴随着复杂的生理和生化变化，通常增强了对环境压力的耐受性并同步了繁殖。尽管滞育的某些方面已经得到了很好的描述，但对于非模式生物中导致滞育的分子和生化变化的全貌，我们知之甚少。
方法/主要发现：在这项研究中，我们专注于一种寄生蜂 Praon volucre，它会对环境信号做出蛹滞育反应。使用 GC-MS 代谢指纹图谱研究了滞育期间发生的全系统代谢变化。此外，使用二维差异凝胶电泳 (2D-DIGE) 和质谱联用的方法研究了滞育与非滞育表型之间的蛋白质组变化。我们发现三羧酸循环中间产物减少，这很可能是由于代谢抑制所致。糖酵解被激发，可能有利于多元醇的生物合成。滞育寄生蜂积累了高水平的抗冻多元醇，特别是山梨醇。在滞育期间，大量蛋白质发生了调节，这些蛋白质参与了各种功能，如细胞骨架和角质层的重塑、应激耐受、蛋白质周转、脂质代谢和各种代谢酶。
结论/意义：本文所呈现的结果为描述蚜虫寄生蜂滞育综合征的分子和生化事件提供了一些初步线索。这些数据有助于探究寄生蜂滞育与其他类群的潜在共性，并为进一步理解滞育的基础和未来的解释提供背景。
