一项关于自行车安全头盔预防面部损伤有效性的病例对照研究。
A case-control study of the effectiveness of bicycle safety helmets in preventing facial injury.
作者信息
Thompson D C, Thompson R S, Rivara F P, Wolf M E
机构信息
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1990 Dec;80(12):1471-4. doi: 10.2105/ajph.80.12.1471.
In a case-control study we sought to assess the potential effectiveness of helmets in preventing facial injuries. Our study included 212 bicyclists with facial injuries and 319 controls with injuries to other body areas, who were treated in emergency rooms of five Seattle area hospitals over a one-year period. Using regression analyses to control for age, sex, education and income, accident severity, and cycling experience we found no definite effect of helmets on the risk of serious facial injury (odds ratio 0.81; 95 percent confidence interval = 0.45, 1.5), but protection against serious injuries to the upper face (odds ratio 0.27; 95% CI = 0.1, 0.8). No protection was found against serious injuries to the lower face. The independent effect of helmet use on facial injury was difficult to isolate due to the association of head and facial injuries. Our results suggest that bicycle helmets as presently designed may have some protective effect against serious upper facial injuries.
在一项病例对照研究中，我们试图评估头盔在预防面部损伤方面的潜在效果。我们的研究纳入了212名面部受伤的自行车骑行者和319名身体其他部位受伤的对照者，他们在西雅图地区五家医院的急诊室接受了为期一年的治疗。通过回归分析来控制年龄、性别、教育程度和收入、事故严重程度以及骑行经验，我们发现头盔对严重面部损伤风险没有明确影响（优势比为0.81；95%置信区间 = 0.45, 1.5），但对上面部严重损伤有防护作用（优势比为0.27；95%置信区间 = 0.1, 0.8）。未发现对下面部严重损伤有防护作用。由于头部和面部损伤的关联，很难分离出头盔使用对面部损伤的独立影响。我们的结果表明，目前设计的自行车头盔可能对上面部严重损伤有一定的防护作用。
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