Thompson D C, Patterson M Q
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University, Washington, Seattle, USA.
Sports Med. 1998 Apr;25(4):213-9. doi: 10.2165/00007256-199825040-00001.
The scientific evidence that bicycle helmets protect against head, brain and facial injuries has been well established by 5 well designed case-control studies. Additional evidence of helmet effectiveness has been provided from time series studies in Australia and the US. Bicycle helmets of all types that meet various national and international standards provide substantial protection for cyclists of all ages who are involved in a bicycle crash. This protection extends to crashes from a variety of causes (such as falls and collisions with fixed and moving objects) and includes crashes involving motor vehicles. Helmet use reduces the risk of head injury by 85%, brain injury by 88% and severe brain injury by at least 75%. Helmets should be worn by all riders whether the cyclist is a recreational rider or a serious competitor engaged in training or race competition. The International Cycling Federation (ICF) should make the use of helmets compulsory in all sanctioned races.
五项精心设计的病例对照研究已经充分证实了自行车头盔能预防头部、脑部和面部损伤的科学证据。澳大利亚和美国的时间序列研究提供了头盔有效性的更多证据。所有符合各种国家和国际标准的各类自行车头盔，为所有年龄段参与自行车事故的骑车人提供了实质性保护。这种保护适用于各种原因导致的事故（如摔倒以及与固定和移动物体的碰撞），包括涉及机动车的事故。佩戴头盔可将头部受伤风险降低85%，脑部受伤风险降低88%，严重脑损伤风险至少降低75%。所有骑车人都应佩戴头盔，无论骑车人是休闲骑行者还是参与训练或比赛的专业选手。国际自行车联盟（ICF）应在所有认可的比赛中强制使用头盔。
