Centro de Recursos Microbiológicos, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; corresponding author e-mail:
Persoonia. 2011 Dec;27:9-19. doi: 10.3767/003158511X603719. Epub 2011 Sep 26.
Diaporthe (anamorph = Phomopsis) species are plant pathogens and endophytes on a wide range of hosts including economically important crops. At least four Diaporthe taxa occur on soybean and they are responsible for serious diseases and significant yield losses. Although several studies have extensively described the culture and morphological characters of these pathogens, their taxonomy has not been fully resolved. Diaporthe and Phomopsis isolates were obtained from soybean and other plant hosts throughout Croatia. Phylogenetic relationships were determined through analyses of partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-α) gene and ITS nrDNA sequence data. By combining morphological and molecular data, four species could be distinguished on soybeans in Croatia. Diaporthe phaseolorum is described in this study and its synonyms are discussed. Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora is raised to species status and the name Diaporthe caulivora is introduced to accommodate it. A species previously known as Phomopsis sp. 9 from earlier studies on sunflower, grapevine, rooibos and hydrangea is reported for the first time on soybean, and is formally described as Diaporthe novem. The well-known soybean pathogen Phomopsis longicolla was also collected in the present study and was transferred to Diaporthe longicolla comb. nov. The presence of these species on herbaceous hosts raises once more the relevance of weeds as reservoirs for pathogens of economically important plants.
层出孔菌（无性型 = 拟茎点霉）是一类广泛宿主的植物病原菌和内生菌，包括一些重要的经济作物。至少有四种层出孔菌类群存在于大豆上，它们是造成严重病害和显著减产的原因。尽管已有多项研究广泛描述了这些病原菌的培养和形态特征，但它们的分类学尚未完全解决。从克罗地亚的大豆和其他植物宿主中分离到了层出孔菌和拟茎点霉的分离物。通过分析部分翻译延伸因子 1-α（EF1-α）基因和 ITS nrDNA 序列数据，确定了系统发育关系。通过结合形态学和分子数据，可以在克罗地亚的大豆上区分出四个种。本研究描述了层出孔菌，并讨论了其同义词。将层出孔菌的叶生变种提升为种级，并引入新种名 Diaporthe caulivora 来容纳它。先前在向日葵、葡萄、南非红叶茶和绣球花上的研究中被称为 Phomopsis sp. 9 的种，首次在大豆上报道，并正式描述为 Diaporthe novem。本研究还收集到了广为人知的大豆病原菌 Phomopsis longicolla，并将其转移到 Diaporthe longicolla comb. nov. 这些种在草本宿主上的存在再次表明杂草作为经济重要植物病原菌的宿主的重要性。
