Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Pediatrics. 2012 May;129(5):950-60. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-2736. Epub 2012 Apr 2.
The human body is home to more than 1 trillion microbes, with the gastrointestinal tract alone harboring a diverse array of commensal microbes that are believed to contribute to host nutrition, developmental regulation of intestinal angiogenesis, protection from pathogens, and development of the immune response. Recent advances in genome sequencing technologies and metagenomic analysis are providing a broader understanding of these resident microbes and highlighting differences between healthy and disease states. The aim of this review is to provide a detailed summary of current pediatric microbiome studies in the literature, in addition to highlighting recent findings and advancements in studies of the adult microbiome. This review also seeks to elucidate the development of, and factors that could lead to changes in, the composition and function of the human microbiome.
人体内生活着超过 1 万亿的微生物，仅胃肠道内就栖息着多种多样的共生微生物，这些微生物被认为有助于宿主营养、肠道血管生成的发育调控、防止病原体感染和免疫反应的发展。基因组测序技术和宏基因组分析的最新进展使人们对这些常驻微生物有了更广泛的了解，并突出了健康状态和疾病状态之间的差异。本综述的目的是详细总结文献中目前的儿科微生物组研究，同时强调成人微生物组研究的最新发现和进展。本综述还试图阐明人类微生物组的组成和功能的发展以及可能导致其变化的因素。
