Petrelli Alessandra, Di Fenza Raffaele, Carvello Michele, Gatti Francesca, Secchi Antonio, Fiorina Paolo
Transplantation Research Center (TRC), Nephrology Division, Children's Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Exp Diabetes Res. 2012;2012:471823. doi: 10.1155/2012/471823. Epub 2012 Feb 22.
Bone-marrow-derived cells-mediated postnatal vasculogenesis has been reported as the main responsible for the regulation of vascular homeostasis in adults. Since their discovery, endothelial progenitor cells have been depicted as mediators of postnatal vasculogenesis for their peculiar phenotype (partially staminal and partially endothelial), their ability to differentiate in endothelial cell line and to be incorporated into the vessels wall during ischemia/damage. Diabetes mellitus, a condition characterized by cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, and micro- and macroangiopathy, showed a dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells. Herein, we review the mechanisms involved in diabetes-related dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells, highlighting how hyperglycemia affects the different steps of endothelial progenitor cells lifetime (i.e., bone marrow mobilization, trafficking into the bloodstream, differentiation in endothelial cells, and homing in damaged tissues/organs). Finally, we review preclinical and clinical strategies that aim to revert diabetes-induced dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells as a means of finding new strategies to prevent diabetic complications.
骨髓来源的细胞介导的出生后血管生成被认为是成年人血管稳态调节的主要机制。自内皮祖细胞被发现以来，因其独特的表型（部分具有干细胞特性，部分具有内皮细胞特性）、在内皮细胞系中分化以及在缺血/损伤期间整合到血管壁中的能力，它们被描述为出生后血管生成的介质。糖尿病是一种以心血管疾病、肾病以及微血管和大血管病变为特征的疾病，其内皮祖细胞存在功能障碍。在此，我们综述了与糖尿病相关的内皮祖细胞功能障碍所涉及的机制，强调高血糖如何影响内皮祖细胞生命周期的不同阶段（即骨髓动员、进入血液循环、分化为内皮细胞以及归巢至受损组织/器官）。最后，我们综述了旨在逆转糖尿病诱导的内皮祖细胞功能障碍的临床前和临床策略，以此作为寻找预防糖尿病并发症新策略的一种手段。
