Iwamoto Jun, Sato Yoshihiro, Takeda Tsuyoshi, Matsumoto Hideo
Jun Iwamoto, Tsuyoshi Takeda, Hideo Matsumoto, Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
World J Orthop. 2011 Jan 18;2(1):7-12. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v2.i1.7.
To analyze stress fractures in athletes based on experience from our sports medicine clinic.
We investigated the association between stress fractures and age, sex, sports level, sports activity, and skeletal site in athletes seen at our sports medicine clinic between September 1991 and April 2009. Stress fractures of the pars interarticularis were excluded from this analysis.
During this period (18 years and 8 mo), 14276 patients (9215 males and 5061 females) consulted our clinic because of sports-related injuries, and 263 patients (1.8%) [171 males (1.9%) and 92 females (1.8%)] sustained stress fractures. The average age of the patients with stress fractures was 20.2 years (range 10-46 years); 112 patients (42.6%) were 15-19 years of age and 90 (34.2%) were 20-24 years of age. Altogether, 90 patients (34.2%) were active at a high recreational level and 173 (65.8%) at a competitive level. The highest proportion of stress fractures was seen in basketball athletes (21.3%), followed by baseball (13.7%), track and field (11.4%), rowing (9.5%), soccer (8.4%), aerobics (5.3%), and classical ballet (4.9%). The most common sites of stress fractures in these patients were the tibia (44.1%), followed by the rib (14.1%), metatarsal bone (12.9%), ulnar olecranon (8.7%) and pelvis (8.4%). The sites of the stress fractures varied from sport to sport. The ulnar olecranon was the most common stress fracture site in baseball players, and the rib was the most common in rowers. Basketball and classical ballet athletes predominantly sustained stress fractures of the tibia and metatarsal bone. Track and field and soccer athletes predominantly sustained stress fractures of the tibia and pubic bone. Aerobics athletes predominantly sustained stress fractures of the tibia. Middle and long distance female runners who sustained multiple stress fractures had the female athlete triad.
The results of this analysis showed that stress fractures were seen in high-level young athletes, with similar proportions for males and females, and that particular sports were associated with specific sites for stress fractures. Middle and long distance female runners who suffered from multiple stress fractures had the female athlete triad.
基于我们运动医学诊所的经验分析运动员应力性骨折情况。
我们调查了1991年9月至2009年4月期间在我们运动医学诊所就诊的运动员中应力性骨折与年龄、性别、运动水平、体育活动及骨骼部位之间的关联。关节突部应力性骨折被排除在本分析之外。
在此期间（18年零8个月），14276例患者（9215例男性和5061例女性）因运动相关损伤前来我们诊所就诊，263例患者（1.8%）[171例男性（1.9%）和92例女性（1.8%）]发生应力性骨折。应力性骨折患者的平均年龄为20.2岁（范围10 - 46岁）；112例患者（42.6%）年龄在15 - 19岁，90例（34.2%）年龄在20 - 24岁。总计，90例患者（34.2%）处于高水平休闲运动状态，173例（65.8%）处于竞技运动状态。应力性骨折比例最高的是篮球运动员（21.3%），其次是棒球运动员（13.7%）、田径运动员（11.4%）、赛艇运动员（9.5%）、足球运动员（8.4%）、有氧运动运动员（5.3%）和古典芭蕾舞演员（4.9%）。这些患者中应力性骨折最常见的部位是胫骨（44.1%），其次是肋骨（14.1%）、跖骨（12.9%）、尺骨鹰嘴（8.7%）和骨盆（8.4%）。应力性骨折的部位因运动项目而异。尺骨鹰嘴是棒球运动员中最常见的应力性骨折部位，肋骨是赛艇运动员中最常见的部位。篮球和古典芭蕾舞运动员主要发生胫骨和跖骨应力性骨折。田径和足球运动员主要发生胫骨和耻骨应力性骨折。有氧运动运动员主要发生胫骨应力性骨折。发生多处应力性骨折的中长跑女性运动员存在女性运动员三联征。
本分析结果表明，高水平年轻运动员会出现应力性骨折，男女比例相似，且特定运动与应力性骨折的特定部位相关。发生多处应力性骨折的中长跑女性运动员存在女性运动员三联征。
