Li L, Morrow M, Kermode M
Australian International Health Institute, University of Melbourne, Australia.
AIDS Care. 2007 Nov;19(10):1288-95. doi: 10.1080/09540120701402855.
HIV prevalence is increasing in China. The proportion of infection attributable to heterosexual sex in China is also on the rise. The scale of internal migration for work is likely to be one of the factors contributing to these changing patterns, but little is known about HIV-related knowledge, perceptions and risk behaviours of China's migrant workers. This study aimed to investigate HIV-related knowledge, attitudes and risk behaviours of male rural-to-urban migrant workers in Chengdu and to identify factors associated with risk behaviours. In 2005, a cross-sectional questionnaire survey was completed by 163 male construction- and factory-based migrant workers aged 18-35 years. With a mean age of 26 years, just 30% had completed senior middle school and 47% were currently married. Respondents were highly mobile, worked long hours and were relatively poorly paid. As migrants, their access to urban services and benefits was restricted, making it difficult for family members to join them. Knowledge of HIV transmission was generally poor and discriminatory attitudes towards people with HIV were commonplace. Seventy-five percent were sexually experienced, among whom 88% had had sexual relations in the last 12 months. Of these, 30% had had two or more partners and 20% had paid for sex. Just 36% had used a condom during the most recent sexual encounter with a sex worker. Around 70% thought it was 'impossible' for them to become infected, yet a significant sub-group were engaging in sexual behaviours that place them at risk of infection with HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Logistic Regression found a significant association between having multiple sexual partners and both education level and marital status. Education was also found to be significantly associated with purchasing sex. Targeted HIV-prevention programs for male migrant workers in Chengdu, especially for those who are single and less educated, are urgently needed.
中国的艾滋病毒感染率正在上升。在中国，异性性行为导致的感染比例也在增加。劳动力内部迁移规模可能是导致这些变化模式的因素之一，但对于中国农民工与艾滋病毒相关的知识、认知和风险行为却知之甚少。本研究旨在调查成都男性农民工与艾滋病毒相关的知识、态度和风险行为，并确定与风险行为相关的因素。2005年，对163名年龄在18至35岁之间的男性建筑工人和工厂农民工进行了横断面问卷调查。平均年龄为26岁，只有30%的人完成了高中教育，47%的人目前已婚。受访者流动性很大，工作时间长，工资相对较低。作为外来务工人员，他们获得城市服务和福利的机会有限，家人很难与他们团聚。对艾滋病毒传播的了解普遍较差，对艾滋病毒感染者的歧视态度很常见。75%的人有过性经历，其中88%在过去12个月内有过性行为。在这些人中，30%有两个或更多性伴侣，20%曾花钱嫖娼。在最近与性工作者的性接触中，只有36%的人使用了避孕套。约70%的人认为自己“不可能”感染，但有相当一部分人正在从事有感染艾滋病毒和性传播感染风险的性行为。逻辑回归分析发现，拥有多个性伴侣与教育程度和婚姻状况之间存在显著关联。还发现教育程度与花钱嫖娼之间存在显著关联。迫切需要为成都的男性农民工制定有针对性的艾滋病毒预防计划，特别是针对那些单身且受教育程度较低的农民工。
