Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2013 Feb;55:50-7. doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.05.014. Epub 2012 Jun 2.
Transition metals are essential to many biological processes in almost all organisms from bacteria to humans. Their versatility, which arises from an ability to undergo reduction-oxidation chemistry, enables them to act as critical cofactors of enzymes throughout the cell. Accumulation of metals, however, can also lead to oxidative stress and cellular damage. The importance of metals to both enzymatic reactions and oxidative stress makes them key players in mitochondria. Mitochondria are the primary energy-generating organelles of the cell that produce ATP through a chain of enzymatic complexes that require transition metals, and are highly sensitive to oxidative damage. Moreover, the heart is one of the most mitochondrially-rich tissues in the body, making metals of particular importance to cardiac function. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge about the role of transition metals (specifically iron, copper, and manganese) in mitochondrial metabolism in the heart. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Focus on Cardiac Metabolism".
过渡金属对于从细菌到人类的几乎所有生物体中的许多生物过程都是必不可少的。它们的多功能性源于其进行氧化还原化学的能力，使它们能够作为整个细胞中酶的关键辅助因子。然而，金属的积累也会导致氧化应激和细胞损伤。金属对酶反应和氧化应激的重要性使其成为线粒体的关键参与者。线粒体是细胞的主要能量产生细胞器，通过一系列需要过渡金属的酶复合物产生 ATP，并且对氧化损伤非常敏感。此外，心脏是体内线粒体最丰富的组织之一，因此金属对心脏功能尤为重要。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了过渡金属（特别是铁、铜和锰）在心脏线粒体代谢中的作用的最新知识。本文是特刊“关注心脏代谢”的一部分。
