Michigan State University-Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA.
Plant Cell. 2012 Jun;24(6):2279-303. doi: 10.1105/tpc.112.096586. Epub 2012 Jun 5.
Peroxisomes are eukaryotic organelles that are highly dynamic both in morphology and metabolism. Plant peroxisomes are involved in numerous processes, including primary and secondary metabolism, development, and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. Considerable progress has been made in the identification of factors involved in peroxisomal biogenesis, revealing mechanisms that are both shared with and diverged from non-plant systems. Furthermore, recent advances have begun to reveal an unexpectedly large plant peroxisomal proteome and have increased our understanding of metabolic pathways in peroxisomes. Coordination of the biosynthesis, import, biochemical activity, and degradation of peroxisomal proteins allows for highly dynamic responses of peroxisomal metabolism to meet the needs of a plant. Knowledge gained from plant peroxisomal research will be instrumental to fully understanding the organelle's dynamic behavior and defining peroxisomal metabolic networks, thus allowing the development of molecular strategies for rational engineering of plant metabolism, biomass production, stress tolerance, and pathogen defense.
过氧化物酶体是真核细胞器，在形态和代谢上都具有高度的动态性。植物过氧化物酶体参与许多过程，包括初级和次级代谢、发育以及对非生物和生物胁迫的反应。在鉴定参与过氧化物酶体发生的因素方面已经取得了相当大的进展，揭示了与非植物系统共享和分化的机制。此外，最近的进展开始揭示出一个出人意料的大型植物过氧化物酶体蛋白质组，并增加了我们对过氧化物酶体中代谢途径的理解。过氧化物酶体蛋白的生物合成、导入、生化活性和降解的协调，使得过氧化物酶体代谢能够对满足植物需求做出高度动态的反应。从植物过氧化物酶体研究中获得的知识对于充分理解细胞器的动态行为和定义过氧化物酶体代谢网络将是至关重要的，从而为合理工程植物代谢、生物量生产、胁迫耐受和病原体防御的分子策略的发展提供了可能。
