Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Public Health Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
J Clin Nurs. 2012 Sep;21(17-18):2452-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04113.x. Epub 2012 Jun 11.
The study aimed at analysing school nurses' counselling of overweight and obese children in settings with many immigrants, focusing on content concerning food and physical activity and how this was communicated.
For people with a predisposition for overweight, the weight control process requires cognitive skills. School nurses' counselling of overweight children has the potential to support this process by enabling personal resources in the children and their families. However, there is uncertainty among nurses about how to conduct supportive counselling.
An explorative design was used when collecting and analysing data.
Twenty-two counselling sessions between eight school nurses and 20 overweight children were audio-recorded and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Most of the participating schools represented areas with low socioeconomic status and a high proportion of immigrants and refugees.
Less adequate skills in enabling resources in the children and their parents were observed. Concurrently, school nurses provided inadequate explanations about food and physical activity. Topics related to general nutrition models were frequently communicated as general advice instead of individually tailored counselling. Counselling families with other languages and food cultures than the traditional Swedish created additional difficulties.
Improved nutritional knowledge for nurses may enhance their skills in enabling children's and families' resources. School nurses should be provided with opportunities to cooperate with other professions in counteracting overweight.
Our findings demonstrate a relationship between content skills and person-centeredness in the counselling. This highlights the importance of inter-professional collaboration to ensure a high quality of lifestyle counselling. School health authorities should give high priority to facilitating school nurses' evidence-based continuing education.
本研究旨在分析在移民众多的环境中，学校护士对超重和肥胖儿童的咨询情况，重点分析有关食物和身体活动的内容，以及这些内容是如何传达的。
对于易患超重的人来说，体重控制过程需要认知技能。学校护士对超重儿童的咨询有可能通过增强儿童及其家庭的个人资源来支持这一过程。然而，护士们对如何进行支持性咨询存在不确定性。
在收集和分析数据时使用了探索性设计。
对 8 名学校护士和 20 名超重儿童之间的 22 次咨询会话进行了录音，并使用定性内容分析进行了分析。大多数参与的学校代表了社会经济地位较低、移民和难民比例较高的地区。
观察到在增强儿童及其父母资源方面的技能较差。同时，学校护士对食物和身体活动的解释也不充分。与一般营养模型相关的主题经常被作为一般建议而不是个性化的咨询来传达。与传统瑞典语不同的语言和食物文化的家庭咨询增加了额外的困难。
提高护士的营养知识可能会增强他们增强儿童和家庭资源的技能。应该为学校护士提供与其他专业合作的机会，以对抗超重。
我们的研究结果表明，咨询中的内容技能和以人为主导的咨询之间存在关系。这突出了跨专业合作对于确保生活方式咨询质量的重要性。学校卫生当局应高度重视促进学校护士基于证据的继续教育。
