Marcelino Gisela, Cerveira João Melich, Carvalho Inês, Costa João Azeredo, Lopes Marta, Calado Nelson Encarnação, Marques-Vidal Pedro
Medical Faculty of Lisbon, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
BMJ Open. 2012 Jun 18;2(3). doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001050. Print 2012.
To characterise the prevalence of burnout syndrome in a sample of family doctors (FDs) working in the Portuguese National Health System.
Cross-sectional survey.
Primary healthcare centres from the 18 continental districts and two archipelagos of Portugal.
The Portuguese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey was sent to 40 randomly selected healthcare centres and distributed to the FDs employed. Socio-demographic and work-related data were also collected. Participants were classified as having high, average or low levels of emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP) and personal accomplishment (PA) dimensions of burnout.
371 questionnaires were sent, of which 153 (83 women, age range 29-64 years; response rate 41%) returned. One-quarter (25.3%, 95% CI 18.6% to 33.1%) of FDs scored high for EE, 16.2% (10.7% to 23.2%) for DP and 16.7% (11.1% to 23.6%) for lack of PA. On multivariate analysis, being married, of older age, having many years of practice or working in a personalised healthcare unit tended to be associated with increased burnout components. Men tended to present higher EE and DP but lower lack of PA than women. Finally, the prevalence (95% CI) of burnout ranged between 4.1% (1.5% to 8.6%) and 32.4% (25.0% to 40.6%), depending on the definition used.
High burnout is relatively common among Portuguese FDs. Burnout relief measures should be developed in order to prevent a further increase of burnout syndrome among Portuguese FDs.
描述在葡萄牙国家卫生系统工作的家庭医生样本中职业倦怠综合征的患病率。
横断面调查。
来自葡萄牙18个大陆地区和两个群岛的初级医疗保健中心。
将葡萄牙语版的马氏职业倦怠量表-人类服务调查发送至40个随机选择的医疗保健中心，并分发给受雇的家庭医生。还收集了社会人口统计学和工作相关数据。参与者被分类为在职业倦怠的情感耗竭（EE）、去个性化（DP）和个人成就感（PA）维度上处于高、中或低水平。
共发放371份问卷，其中153份（83名女性，年龄范围29 - 64岁；回复率41%）被收回。四分之一（25.3%，95%可信区间18.6%至33.1%）的家庭医生情感耗竭得分高，16.2%（10.7%至23.2%）去个性化得分高，16.7%（11.1%至23.6%）个人成就感缺失得分高。多变量分析显示，已婚、年龄较大、从业多年或在个性化医疗单位工作往往与职业倦怠成分增加有关。男性的情感耗竭和去个性化程度往往高于女性，但个人成就感缺失程度低于女性。最后，根据所使用的定义，职业倦怠的患病率（95%可信区间）在4.1%（1.5%至8.6%）至32.4%（25.0%至40.6%）之间。
在葡萄牙家庭医生中，高职业倦怠较为常见。应制定职业倦怠缓解措施，以防止葡萄牙家庭医生中职业倦怠综合征的进一步增加。
