Facultad de Psicología, Donostia-San Sebastián, Universidad del Pais Vasco, Spain.
Span J Psychol. 2012 Jul;15(2):592-603. doi: 10.5209/rev_sjop.2012.v15.n2.38870.
The aims of this study were to analyze the differences in the mothers' and fathers' socialization styles depending on their children's sex; whether there are differences in hostile, benevolent, and ambivalent sexism, and neosexism as a function of both parents' socialization styles; and whether the parents' educational level affects their level of sexism and their children's sexism. The sample included 1,455 adolescents and their parents (764 mothers and 648 fathers). The results showed no differences in the socialization style of the father with his children's sexism, but the mother used a more authoritarian style with her daughters. The parents' socialization style had little influence on their children's sexism, although it had a higher impact on the sons' sexism. The father's style had less influence than the mother's on their sons' sexism, and it had no influence on their daughters' sexism. The indulgent style of both parents had the highest relation with a low level of sexism. Moreover, a negative correlation was found between the parents' educational level and their level of sexism, as well as between the mother's educational level and her daughters' sexism. To conclude, the indulgent style and the mother's high educational level promote fewer sexist attitudes.
本研究旨在分析父母根据孩子的性别而采取的不同社会化风格；以及父母的社会化风格是否会影响他们的敌意、仁慈和矛盾性别观和新性别观，以及是否会影响孩子的性别观；此外，还分析了父母的受教育程度是否会影响他们的性别观和孩子的性别观。该研究样本包括 1455 名青少年及其父母（764 名母亲和 648 名父亲）。结果表明，父亲的社会化风格与其子女的性别观之间没有差异，但母亲对女儿的教育方式更为专制。父母的社会化风格对孩子的性别观影响不大，但对儿子的性别观影响较大。父亲的风格对儿子的性别观影响较小，对女儿的性别观则没有影响。父母的纵容风格与较低的性别观水平关系最密切。此外，父母的受教育程度与他们的性别观水平以及母亲的受教育程度与女儿的性别观水平呈负相关。总之，纵容的风格和母亲的高教育水平可以促进较少的性别歧视态度。
