Rüst Christoph Alexander, Knechtle Beat, Knechtle Patrizia, Rosemann Thomas
"Institute of General Practice and Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"
Chin J Physiol. 2012 Jun 30;55(3):147-55. doi: 10.4077/CJP.2012.BAA010.
"In a recent study of male and female ultra-marathoners in a 161-km ultra-marathon, the prevalence of exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) was higher than reported for marathoners. Regarding triathletes, the prevalence of EAH has been investigated in Ironman triathletes, but not in Triple Iron ultra-triathletes. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of EAH in male ultra-triathletes competing in a Triple Iron ultra-triathlon over 11.4 km swimming, 540 km cycling, and 126.6 km running. Changes in body mass, fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, total body water, haematocrit, plasma volume, plasma sodium concentration ([Na ⁺ ]) and urine specific gravity were determined in 31 male athletes with (means ± standard deviation) 42.1 ± 8.1 years of age, 77.0 ± 7.0 kg body mass, 1.78 ± 0.06 m body height and a BMI of 24.3 ± 1.7 kg/m² in the 'Triple Iron Triathlon Germany'. Of the 31 finishers, eight athletes (26%) developed asymptomatic EAH. Body mass, fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, and haematocrit decreased, plasma volume increased ( P < 0.05), plasma [Na ⁺], total body water and urine specific gravity remained stable. The decrease in body mass was related to both the decrease in fat mass and skeletal muscle mass ( P < 0.05), but was not related to overall race time, the change in plasma [Na ⁺ ], post-race plasma [Na ⁺ ], or urine specific gravity. The prevalence of EAH was higher in these Triple Iron ultra-triathletes compared to existing reports on Ironman triathletes. Body fluid homeostasis remained stable in these ultra-triathletes although body mass decreased."
在最近一项针对参加161公里超级马拉松的男性和女性超级马拉松运动员的研究中，运动相关性低钠血症（EAH）的患病率高于马拉松运动员的报告患病率。关于铁人三项运动员，已对铁人三项赛运动员的EAH患病率进行了调查，但未对超级铁人三项赛运动员进行调查。本研究的目的是调查参加11.4公里游泳、540公里自行车骑行和126.6公里跑步的超级铁人三项赛的男性超级铁人三项运动员中EAH的患病率。在31名男性运动员中测定了体重、脂肪量、骨骼肌量、总体水、血细胞比容、血浆量、血浆钠浓度（[Na⁺]）和尿比重，这些运动员（平均值±标准差）年龄为42.1±8.1岁，体重77.0±7.0千克，身高1.78±0.06米，身体质量指数为24.3±1.7千克/平方米，参加了“德国超级铁人三项赛”。在31名完赛者中，8名运动员（26%）出现无症状EAH。体重、脂肪量、骨骼肌量和血细胞比容下降，血浆量增加（P<0.05），血浆[Na⁺]、总体水和尿比重保持稳定。体重下降与脂肪量和骨骼肌量的下降均相关（P<0.05），但与总比赛时间、血浆[Na⁺]的变化、赛后血浆[Na⁺]或尿比重无关。与现有关于铁人三项赛运动员的报告相比，这些超级铁人三项赛运动员中EAH的患病率更高。尽管体重下降，但这些超级铁人三项赛运动员的体液稳态保持稳定。
