Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
University of Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.
J Gen Virol. 2012 Oct;93(Pt 10):2195-2203. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.044974-0. Epub 2012 Jul 12.
To determine the extent to which influenza viruses jump between human and swine hosts, we undertook a large-scale phylogenetic analysis of pandemic A/H1N1/09 (H1N1pdm09) influenza virus genome sequence data. From this, we identified at least 49 human-to-swine transmission events that occurred globally during 2009-2011, thereby highlighting the ability of the H1N1pdm09 virus to transmit repeatedly from humans to swine, even following adaptive evolution in humans. Similarly, we identified at least 23 separate introductions of human seasonal (non-pandemic) H1 and H3 influenza viruses into swine globally since 1990. Overall, these results reveal the frequency with which swine are exposed to human influenza viruses, indicate that humans make a substantial contribution to the genetic diversity of influenza viruses in swine, and emphasize the need to improve biosecurity measures at the human-swine interface, including influenza vaccination of swine workers.
为了确定流感病毒在人类和猪之间跳跃的程度,我们对大流行 A/H1N1/09(H1N1pdm09)流感病毒基因组序列数据进行了大规模的系统发育分析。由此,我们确定了至少 49 起 2009-2011 年期间在全球范围内发生的人类向猪的传播事件,从而突出了 H1N1pdm09 病毒即使在人类中发生适应性进化后,仍能反复从人类传播到猪。同样,我们确定了至少 23 起自 1990 年以来人类季节性(非大流行)H1 和 H3 流感病毒在全球范围内分别向猪的传入。总体而言,这些结果揭示了猪接触人类流感病毒的频率,表明人类为猪流感病毒的遗传多样性做出了重大贡献,并强调需要改善人类-猪接触界面的生物安全措施,包括对猪工人进行流感疫苗接种。