Micronutrient Initiative, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Adv Nutr. 2012 Jul 1;3(4):551-4. doi: 10.3945/an.111.000760.
WHO recommendations on iron supplementation for infants and young children in malaria-endemic areas changed dramatically from universal to targeted supplementation for iron-deficient children only, after a trial in a high malaria transmission area showed an increased risk of hospital admission and mortality among iron-replete children following iron and folic acid supplementation. Since this time, there has been much debate and little agreement among the nutrition research community on how to move forward, and country policy and program decision makers have been left with incomplete guidance on how to address young child iron deficiency and anemia in their countries. The focus of a recent symposium during the American Society for Nutrition annual meeting, held in Washington, DC, in April 2011, was on exploring options for addressing iron deficiency and anemia among infants and young children in malaria-endemic areas, now, with safe, effective, and feasible interventions that provide iron. Papers based on the invited presentations are included in this supplement. The first paper is a review of the relationship between iron and malaria. The second is an analysis of theoretical and practical considerations regarding the targeted approach of providing iron and includes results from field testing noninvasive screening devices. This is followed by a review of the safety of universal provision of iron through home-fortification products in malaria-endemic areas. The final papers provide a call to action by highlighting pending research issues (fourth paper) and feasible strategies to move programs forward (fifth paper).
世界卫生组织（WHO）关于在疟疾流行地区为婴幼儿补充铁的建议发生了重大变化，从普遍补充转为仅针对缺铁的儿童进行有针对性的补充。此前，在疟疾高传播地区进行的一项试验表明，铁和叶酸补充剂会增加铁储备充足的儿童住院和死亡的风险。从那时起，营养研究界内部对此进行了激烈的辩论，但几乎没有达成共识，而国家政策和方案决策者也缺乏如何在本国解决幼儿缺铁和贫血问题的完整指导。2011 年 4 月在美国营养学会年度会议在华盛顿特区举行的一次专题讨论会上，重点探讨了在疟疾流行地区为婴幼儿解决缺铁和贫血问题的方案，目前有安全、有效和可行的干预措施可以提供铁。本增刊收录了基于特邀演讲的论文。第一篇是对铁与疟疾之间关系的综述。第二篇是关于提供铁的有针对性方法的理论和实际考虑因素的分析，包括现场测试非侵入性筛查设备的结果。接下来是对在疟疾流行地区通过家庭强化产品普遍提供铁的安全性的回顾。最后两篇论文通过强调待解决的研究问题（第四篇论文）和推进方案的可行策略（第五篇论文），呼吁采取行动。
