Laboratorio de Sistemática, Ecología y Aprovechamiento de Hongos Ectomicorrízicos, Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, A,P, 70-233, C,P, 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, D,F, Mexico.
J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2012 Jul 18;8:25. doi: 10.1186/1746-4269-8-25.
Gender is one of the main variables that influence the distribution of local knowledge. We carried out a literature review concerning local mycological knowledge, paying special attention to data concerning women's knowledge and comparative gender data. We found that unique features of local mycological knowledge allow people to successfully manage mushrooms. Women are involved in every stage of mushroom utilization from collection to processing and marketing. Local mycological knowledge includes the use mushrooms as food, medicine, and recreational objects as well as an aid to seasonal household economies. In many regions of the world, women are often the main mushroom collectors and possess a vast knowledge about mushroom taxonomy, biology, and ecology. Local experts play a vital role in the transmission of local mycological knowledge. Women participate in the diffusion of this knowledge as well as in its enrichment through innovation. Female mushroom collectors appreciate their mycological knowledge and pursue strategies and organization to reproduce it in their communities. Women mushroom gatherers are conscious of their knowledge, value its contribution in their subsistence systems, and proudly incorporate it in their cultural identity.
性别是影响地方知识分布的主要变量之一。我们对地方真菌学知识进行了文献回顾，特别关注有关妇女知识和比较性别数据的资料。我们发现，地方真菌学知识的独特特征使人们能够成功地管理蘑菇。妇女参与了从采集到加工和销售的蘑菇利用的各个阶段。地方真菌学知识包括将蘑菇用作食物、药物和娱乐对象，以及帮助季节性家庭经济。在世界上许多地区，妇女往往是主要的蘑菇采集者，她们拥有丰富的蘑菇分类学、生物学和生态学知识。地方专家在地方真菌学知识的传播中发挥着重要作用。妇女参与传播这种知识，并通过创新使其更加丰富。女性蘑菇采集者欣赏她们的真菌学知识，并采取策略和组织在她们的社区中复制它。女性蘑菇采集者意识到自己的知识，重视其对自己生存系统的贡献，并自豪地将其融入自己的文化认同。
