Research Center for Sport, Health and Human Development, Vila Real, Portugal.
J Strength Cond Res. 2013 May;27(5):1196-201. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318267a494.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a single and a double training workload with 3-kg medicine ball on the throwing speed in 2-handed overhead throwing movement. Second, what the effect of training with 3-kg medicine balls had on throwing speed with other ball weights. Forty high school students (age 15.9 ± 1.0 year, mass 60.9 ± 9 kg, height 1.68 ± 0.08 m), divided into 3 speed-matched groups, participated in the study. The first group was a control group and did not train any throwing program regimen, whereas the other 2 groups trained overhead throwing with a single (3 series of 6 throws with a 3-kg medicine ball) or double training workload (6 series of 6 throws with a 3-kg medicine ball) for 6 weeks. Throwing speed with 0.35-, 0.45-, 1-, and 3-kg medicine balls was tested before and after a training period of 6 weeks with 2 sessions per week. A significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in throwing speed was found after the 6-week training period with the 0.35- (5.1%), 1- (3.5%), and 3-kg medicine balls (5.2%) for both training groups, but not with the 0.45-kg ball (0.6%). This increase was mainly caused by the increase of the double workload group. This indicates that training workload is of importance in these subjects for enhancement of ball throwing performance and in designing training programs. Furthermore, that throwing with high enough training volume of throws with a 3-kg medicine ball also can increase ball speed with lighter balls.
本研究旨在探讨单次和双次 3 公斤药球训练对双手头上投掷运动中投掷速度的影响。其次，研究 3 公斤药球训练对其他球重投掷速度的影响。40 名高中生（年龄 15.9±1.0 岁，体重 60.9±9 公斤，身高 1.68±0.08 米）分为 3 个速度匹配组参与研究。第一组为对照组，不进行任何投掷训练方案，而另外两组分别进行单次（3 组，每组 6 次，使用 3 公斤药球）或双次（6 组，每组 6 次，使用 3 公斤药球）投掷训练，为期 6 周。在 6 周的训练期前后，每周进行 2 次训练，用 0.35、0.45、1 和 3 公斤药球测试投掷速度。经过 6 周的训练后，两组的 0.35 公斤球（5.1%）、1 公斤球（3.5%）和 3 公斤球（5.2%）的投掷速度均显著提高（p≤0.05），但 0.45 公斤球（0.6%）的投掷速度没有显著提高。这种增加主要是由双次负荷组引起的。这表明训练负荷对于提高这些受试者的球投掷表现和设计训练方案非常重要。此外，使用足够高的 3 公斤药球投掷训练量也可以提高较轻球的球速。
