Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2011 Sep;34(3):482-93. doi: 10.1002/jmri.22649.
High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) provides focal delivery of mechanical energy deep into the body. This energy can be used to elevate the tissue temperature to such a degree that ablation is achieved. The elevated temperature can also be used to release drugs from temperature-sensitive carriers or activate therapeutic molecules using mechanical or thermal energy. Lower dose exposures modify the vasculature to allow large molecules to diffuse from blood in the surrounding tissue for local drug delivery. The energy delivery can be targeted and monitored using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The online image guidance and monitoring provides treatment delivery that is customized to each patient such that optimal, effective treatment can be achieved. This ability to localize and customize treatment delivery may further enhance the future potential of targeted drugs that are personalized for each patient. This review examines the rapid development of MRI-guided HIFU (MRIgHIFU) methods over the past few years and discuss their future potential.
高强度聚焦超声（HIFU）提供了将机械能聚焦输送到体内深处的方法。这种能量可用于将组织温度升高到足以实现消融的程度。升高的温度还可用于从温度敏感载体中释放药物，或使用机械能或热能激活治疗分子。较低剂量的辐射会改变血管，使大分子从周围组织中的血液中扩散出来，以实现局部药物输送。能量传递可以使用磁共振成像（MRI）进行靶向和监测。在线图像引导和监测提供了针对每个患者的治疗输送，从而实现最佳、有效的治疗。这种定位和定制治疗输送的能力可能会进一步增强针对每个患者个性化的靶向药物的未来潜力。本综述考察了过去几年中 MRI 引导高强度聚焦超声（MRIgHIFU）方法的快速发展，并讨论了它们的未来潜力。
