Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR, vvi, Prague, Czech Republic.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2012;2012:601836. doi: 10.1155/2012/601836. Epub 2012 Aug 13.
When growing on solid surfaces, yeast, like other microorganisms, develops organized multicellular populations (colonies and biofilms) that are composed of differentiated cells with specialized functions. Life within these populations is a prevalent form of microbial existence in natural settings that provides the cells with capabilities to effectively defend against environmental attacks as well as efficiently adapt and survive long periods of starvation and other stresses. Under such circumstances, the fate of an individual yeast cell is subordinated to the profit of the whole population. In the past decade, yeast colonies, with their complicated structure and high complexity that are also developed under laboratory conditions, have become an excellent model for studies of various basic cellular processes such as cell interaction, signaling, and differentiation. In this paper, we summarize current knowledge on the processes related to chronological aging, adaptation, and longevity of a colony cell population and of its differentiated cell constituents. These processes contribute to the colony ability to survive long periods of starvation and mostly differ from the survival strategies of individual yeast cells.
当在固体表面上生长时，酵母与其他微生物一样，会形成具有特定功能的分化细胞组成的有组织的多细胞群体（菌落和生物膜）。在这些群体中，细胞的生存方式是一种在自然环境中普遍存在的微生物生存形式，它赋予细胞有效抵御环境攻击的能力，以及高效适应和长时间饥饿和其他压力的能力。在这种情况下，单个酵母细胞的命运服从于整个群体的利益。在过去的十年中，酵母菌落因其在实验室条件下形成的复杂结构和高度复杂性，已成为研究各种基本细胞过程（如细胞相互作用、信号转导和分化）的优秀模型。在本文中，我们总结了与菌落细胞群体的时序老化、适应和长寿以及其分化细胞成分相关的过程的最新知识。这些过程有助于菌落长期耐受饥饿的能力，并且与单个酵母细胞的生存策略有很大不同。
