Students Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Hum Reprod. 2012 Nov;27(11):3328-36. doi: 10.1093/humrep/des311. Epub 2012 Aug 30.
Is there any association between the intake of different food groups and the risk of idiopathic asthenozoospermia?
A high intake of processed meat and sweets was positively associated with a higher risk of asthenozoospermia, whereas a high intake of fruits, vegetables, poultry, skim milk and sea foods was associated with a lower risk.
A high intake of lipophilic foods like meat products or milk may be negatively associated with semen quality in humans, whereas some fruits or vegetables may maintain or improve semen quality.
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A case-control study including 72 asthenozoospermic men and 169 normozoospermic men all from infertile couples who underwent face-to-face private interviews, from January 2011 to December 2011.
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Semen was assessed by volume, sperm concentration, motility and morphology. Usual dietary intakes were assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and evaluation of trends were calculated using logistic regression. The first tertile served as the reference category for regression analyses.
After adjusting for potential confounders, the risk of asthenozoospermia was significantly higher in the highest tertiles of processed meat (OR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.70-2.44) and sweets intake (OR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.09-2.26). Conversely, being in the highest tertile of total fruits and vegetables, the intake of dark green vegetables, skim milk, poultry and sea food intake was associated with a lower risk of asthenozoospermia (P for trend = 0.04, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04, respectively).
LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Recall bias, selection bias and measurement bias are inevitable in this kind of study and residual confounding due to omission or imprecise measurement of important covariates remains possible.
Patients with asthenozoospermia should be advised to adhere to a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, poultry, skim milk and sea foods while low in processed meat and sweets.
STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This study was financially supported by the National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. No conflict of interests to declare.
不同食物组的摄入与特发性弱精症风险之间是否存在关联？
加工肉类和甜食的高摄入量与弱精症风险的增加呈正相关，而水果、蔬菜、家禽、脱脂牛奶和海鲜的高摄入量与弱精症风险的降低呈正相关。
像肉类产品或牛奶等脂溶性食物的高摄入量可能与人类精液质量呈负相关，而某些水果或蔬菜可能维持或改善精液质量。
研究设计、大小和持续时间：这是一项病例对照研究，纳入了 72 名弱精症男性和 169 名正常精子密度男性，所有参与者均来自不孕夫妇，他们于 2011 年 1 月至 12 月接受了面对面的私人访谈。
参与者/材料、设置、方法：通过体积、精子浓度、活力和形态评估精液。使用半定量食物频率问卷评估常用饮食摄入量。使用逻辑回归计算比值比（OR）、95%置信区间（CI）和趋势评估。回归分析的第一三分位数作为参考类别。
在调整潜在混杂因素后，加工肉类摄入量最高三分位数（OR：2.03，95%CI：1.70-2.44）和甜食摄入量最高三分位数（OR：2.05，95%CI：1.09-2.26）与弱精症风险显著增加相关。相反，总水果和蔬菜摄入量最高三分位数、深色蔬菜摄入量、脱脂牛奶、家禽和海鲜摄入量与弱精症风险降低相关（趋势 P 值=0.04、0.01、0.02、0.03 和 0.04）。
局限性、谨慎的理由：这种研究不可避免地存在回忆偏倚、选择偏倚和测量偏倚，并且由于重要协变量的遗漏或不准确测量，仍然可能存在残余混杂。
建议弱精症患者遵循富含水果、蔬菜、家禽、脱脂牛奶和海鲜的饮食，同时减少加工肉类和甜食的摄入。
研究资金/利益冲突：本研究由伊朗德黑兰沙希德贝赫什蒂大学营养与食品技术学院国家营养与食品技术研究所提供资金支持，无利益冲突声明。
