性别差异在老年人夜间睡眠和白天小睡与死亡率之间的预测作用：Rancho Bernardo 研究。
Gender differences in nighttime sleep and daytime napping as predictors of mortality in older adults: the Rancho Bernardo study.
机构信息
Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0607, United States.
出版信息
Sleep Med. 2013 Jan;14(1):12-9. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2012.06.004. Epub 2012 Aug 28.
OBJECTIVE
Many studies suggest optimal sleep duration for survival is 7-8h/night. We report the gender-specific independent association of all-cause mortality with nighttime sleep and daytime nap duration in older adults who were followed for up to 19years.
METHODS
Between 1984 and 1987, 2001 community-dwelling, mostly retired, adults (1112 women), age 60-96years, answered questions about health, mood, medications, life-style, daytime napping, and nighttime sleep duration. Vital status was confirmed for 96% through July 2001.
RESULTS
At baseline, men reported significantly longer nighttime sleep and daytime napping than women. In both men and women, nighttime sleep <6h was associated with depressed mood and sleep-related medication, and ⩾9h was associated with more alcohol consumption. Napping ⩾30min was associated with prevalent depressed mood, coronary heart disease, and cancer. Of the group, 61% died over the next 19years, at an average age of 85.6years. Mortality risk was lowest among those sleeping 7-7.9h/night in both men and women. Multiple-adjusted analyses showed that increased mortality was associated with nighttime sleep ⩾9h in women (HR 1.51: 95% CI=1.05-2.18), and with daytime napping ⩾30min in men (HR 1.28: 95% CI, 1.00-1.64).
CONCLUSIONS
Mechanisms for these differences are unknown.
目的
许多研究表明，生存的最佳睡眠时间为每晚 7-8 小时。我们报告了全因死亡率与夜间睡眠时间和日间小睡时间在年龄较大的成年人中的性别特异性独立关联，这些成年人的随访时间长达 19 年。
方法
在 1984 年至 1987 年期间，2001 名居住在社区、主要是退休的成年人（1112 名女性），年龄在 60-96 岁，回答了有关健康、情绪、药物、生活方式、日间小睡和夜间睡眠时间的问题。截至 2001 年 7 月，通过确认 96%的人的生命状态。
结果
在基线时，男性报告的夜间睡眠时间和日间小睡时间明显长于女性。在男性和女性中，夜间睡眠<6 小时与情绪低落和与睡眠相关的药物有关，而 ⩾9 小时与更多的饮酒有关。小睡 ⩾30 分钟与普遍存在的情绪低落、冠心病和癌症有关。在接下来的 19 年中，该组中有 61%的人死亡，平均年龄为 85.6 岁。在男性和女性中，每晚睡眠 7-7.9 小时的人死亡率最低。多因素调整分析显示，女性夜间睡眠时间 ⩾9 小时（HR 1.51：95%CI=1.05-2.18）和男性日间小睡 ⩾30 分钟（HR 1.28：95%CI，1.00-1.64）与死亡率增加相关。
结论
这些差异的机制尚不清楚。
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