The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2013 Apr;34(4):981-9. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.08.008. Epub 2012 Aug 31.
Invertebrates, including shrimp, have developed very complicated innate immune system against pathogens. Much work has been performed on the innate immunity of shrimp, including immune recognition, signal transduction, effector molecules and antiviral responses due to its great economic value. Pattern recognition is the first step of innate immunity. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) sense the presence of infection and activate immune responses. The studies on shrimp PRRs revealed the recognition mechanism of shrimp at a certain degree. To date, 11 types of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have been identified in shrimp, namely, β-1,3-glucanase-related proteins, β-1,3-glucan-binding proteins, C-type lectins, scavenger receptors, galectins, fibrinogen-related proteins, thioester-containing protein, Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule, serine protease homologs, trans-activation response RNA-binding protein and Toll like receptors. A number of PRRs have been functionally studied and have been found to have different binding specificities and immune functions. The present review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the PRRs of shrimp.
无脊椎动物，包括虾类，已经发展出了非常复杂的先天免疫系统来对抗病原体。由于虾类具有巨大的经济价值，因此已经对其先天免疫进行了大量研究，包括免疫识别、信号转导、效应分子和抗病毒反应。模式识别是先天免疫的第一步。模式识别受体（PRRs）感知感染的存在并激活免疫反应。对虾 PRRs 的研究在一定程度上揭示了虾的识别机制。迄今为止，已在虾中鉴定出 11 种模式识别受体（PRRs），即β-1,3-葡聚糖酶相关蛋白、β-1,3-葡聚糖结合蛋白、C 型凝集素、清道夫受体、半乳糖凝集素、纤维蛋白原相关蛋白、硫酯蛋白、唐氏综合征细胞黏附分子、丝氨酸蛋白酶同源物、反式激活反应 RNA 结合蛋白和 Toll 样受体。已经对许多 PRRs 进行了功能研究，发现它们具有不同的结合特异性和免疫功能。本综述旨在总结虾类 PRRs 的现有知识。
