Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2012 Nov;27(7):749-55. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acs082. Epub 2012 Sep 17.
Relatively little is known about differences in English-administered, clinical neuropsychological test performance between native versus non-native English speakers, with prior literature yielding mixed findings. The purpose of this study was to examine the performance of native and non-native English speakers with similar age and educational backgrounds on a variety of cognitive tests. Participants were 153 university students (115 native and 38 non-native English speakers) who completed a neuropsychological battery during two testing sessions. Multiple regression analyses examined relations of native language to cognitive performance after adjustment for age, education, sex, and depressive symptomatology. Results showed that native English speakers outperformed non-native English speakers on several language-mediated tasks-Letter and Category Fluency and the Cognitive Estimation Test-as well as Trails A (p's < .05). The two groups performed similarly on tests of executive functions, perceptuo-motor speed, verbal memory, and visuospatial abilities. These results suggest that non-native English language may have a negative influence predominantly on language-dependent tasks.
相对较少的研究关注母语为英语和非母语为英语的人群在接受英语管理的临床神经心理学测试表现上的差异，且先前的文献得出的结果存在差异。本研究的目的是检验具有相似年龄和教育背景的英语母语者和非英语母语者在各种认知测试上的表现。参与者为 153 名大学生（115 名英语母语者和 38 名非英语母语者），他们在两次测试中完成了神经心理学测试。多元回归分析在调整年龄、教育、性别和抑郁症状后，检验了母语与认知表现之间的关系。结果表明，英语母语者在一些语言介导的任务（字母和类别流畅性以及认知估计测试）以及 Trails A 上的表现优于非英语母语者（p 值均<.05）。两组在执行功能、知觉运动速度、言语记忆和视空间能力测试上的表现相似。这些结果表明，非英语母语可能主要对依赖语言的任务产生负面影响。
