Jackson J B, Kwok S Y, Sninsky J J, Hopsicker J S, Sannerud K J, Rhame F S, Henry K, Simpson M, Balfour H H
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455.
J Clin Microbiol. 1990 Jan;28(1):16-9. doi: 10.1128/jcm.28.1.16-19.1990.
Between February 1987 and October 1988, peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMC) from 409 adult individuals antibody positive by Western (immuno-)blot for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (56 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS] patients, 88 patients with AIDS-related complex, and 265 asymptomatic individuals) were consecutively cultured for HIV-1 or tested for the presence of HIV-1 DNA sequences by a polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR). We isolated HIV-1 or detected HIV-1 DNA sequences from the PBMC of all 409 HIV-1 antibody-positive individuals. None of 131 healthy HIV-1 antibody-negative individuals were HIV-1 culture positive, nor were HIV-1 DNA sequences detected by PCR in the blood specimens of 43 seronegative individuals. In addition, HIV-1 PCR and HIV-1 culture were compared in testing the PBMC of 59 HIV-1 antibody-positive and 20 HIV-1 antibody-negative hemophiliacs. Both methods were found to have sensitivities and specificities of at least 97 and 100%, respectively. In contrast, the sensitivities of serum HIV-1 antigen testing in AIDS patients and asymptomatic seropositive patients were 42 and 17%, respectively. Our ability to directly demonstrate HIV-1 infection in all HIV-1 antibody-positive individuals provides definitive support that HIV-1 antibody positivity is associated with present HIV-1 infection. Moreover, the sensitivities and specificities of PCR and culture for the detection of HIV-1 appear to be equivalent, and both methods are superior to testing for HIV-1 antigen in serum for the direct detection of HIV-1.
1987年2月至1988年10月期间，对409名经蛋白免疫印迹法检测为1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）抗体阳性的成年个体（56例获得性免疫缺陷综合征[AIDS]患者、88例AIDS相关综合征患者和265例无症状个体）的外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）连续进行HIV-1培养，或通过聚合酶链反应分析（PCR）检测HIV-1 DNA序列。我们从所有409名HIV-1抗体阳性个体的PBMC中分离出HIV-1或检测到HIV-1 DNA序列。131名健康的HIV-1抗体阴性个体中无一例HIV-1培养呈阳性，43例血清阴性个体的血液标本中也未通过PCR检测到HIV-1 DNA序列。此外，对59名HIV-1抗体阳性和20名HIV-1抗体阴性的血友病患者的PBMC进行检测时，比较了HIV-1 PCR和HIV-1培养。发现这两种方法的敏感性和特异性分别至少为97%和100%。相比之下，AIDS患者和无症状血清阳性患者血清HIV-1抗原检测的敏感性分别为42%和17%。我们在所有HIV-1抗体阳性个体中直接证明HIV-1感染的能力提供了确凿的证据，证明HIV-1抗体阳性与当前HIV-1感染相关。此外，PCR和培养检测HIV-1的敏感性和特异性似乎相当，并且这两种方法在直接检测HIV-1方面均优于血清中HIV-1抗原检测。
