Yeung S C, Kazazi F, Randle C G, Howard R C, Rizvi N, Downie J C, Donovan B J, Cooper D A, Sekine H, Dwyer D E
Department of Virology, Westmead Hospital, Australia.
J Infect Dis. 1993 Apr;167(4):803-9. doi: 10.1093/infdis/167.4.803.
In two consecutive studies, 80 subjects human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-seropositive (21 asymptomatic, 6 persistent generalized lymphadenopathy, 13 AIDS-related complex, and 40 AIDS) were examined for oral lesions. Paired serum and saliva specimens were tested for HIV isolation, DNA, and antigen. HIV antigen was detected in sera from 31 patients, but not in saliva. HIV was isolated from blood mononuclear cells of 83% and saliva supernatants of 21%. In the second study of 25 patients, HIV was detected in plasma of 56% (titers, 1/10 to > 1/1000) but not in diluted saliva supernatants, even in those with severe periodontal disease. HIV DNA was detected using polymerase chain reaction in 2 of 7 saliva cell pellets and 4 of 5 blood samples. Hence, infectious HIV and DNA was found at very low concentrations in 21% and 28% of HIV-seropositive patients, respectively, at all stages of HIV infection.
在两项连续的研究中，对80名人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）-1血清阳性受试者（21名无症状，6名持续性全身性淋巴结病，13名艾滋病相关综合征，40名艾滋病患者）进行了口腔病变检查。对配对的血清和唾液标本进行了HIV分离、DNA和抗原检测。在31名患者的血清中检测到HIV抗原，但在唾液中未检测到。从83%的血液单核细胞和21%的唾液上清液中分离出HIV。在对25名患者的第二项研究中，56%的患者血浆中检测到HIV（滴度为1/10至>1/1000），但在稀释的唾液上清液中未检测到，即使是患有严重牙周病的患者。使用聚合酶链反应在7份唾液细胞沉淀中的2份和5份血液样本中的4份中检测到HIV DNA。因此，在HIV感染的所有阶段，分别在21%和28%的HIV血清阳性患者中发现了极低浓度的传染性HIV和DNA。
