Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Acad Pediatr. 2012 Nov-Dec;12(6):509-22. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2012.06.013. Epub 2012 Sep 16.
To identify risk factors associated with the greatest and lowest prevalence of bullying perpetration among U.S. children.
Using the 2001-2002 Health Behavior in School-Aged Children, a nationally representative survey of U.S. children in 6th-10th grades, bivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with any (once or twice or more), moderate (two to three times/month or more), and frequent (weekly or more) bullying. Stepwise multivariable analyses identified risk factors associated with bullying. Recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) identified risk factors which, in combination, identify students with the highest and lowest bullying prevalence.
The prevalence of any bullying in the 13,710 students was 37.3%, moderate bullying was 12.6%, and frequent bullying was 6.6%. Characteristics associated with bullying were similar in the multivariable analyses and RPA clusters. In RPA, the highest prevalence of any bullying (67%) accrued in children with a combination of fighting and weapon-carrying. Students who carry weapons, smoke, and drink alcohol more than 5 to 6 days/week were at greatest risk for moderate bullying (61%). Those who carry weapons, smoke, have more than one alcoholic drink per day, have above-average academic performance, moderate/high family affluence, and feel irritable or bad-tempered daily were at greatest risk for frequent bullying (68%).
Risk clusters for any, moderate, and frequent bullying differ. Children who fight and carry weapons are at greatest risk of any bullying. Weapon-carrying, smoking, and alcohol use are included in the greatest risk clusters for moderate and frequent bullying. Risk-group categories may be useful to providers in identifying children at the greatest risk for bullying and in targeting interventions.
确定与美国儿童中欺凌行为发生率最高和最低相关的风险因素。
使用 2001-2002 年的《青少年健康行为》，这是一项针对美国 6-10 年级儿童的全国代表性调查，进行了双变量分析，以确定与任何（一次或两次或更多次）、中度（每月两次或更多次）和频繁（每周或更多次）欺凌行为相关的因素。逐步多变量分析确定了与欺凌行为相关的风险因素。递归分区分析（RPA）确定了组合在一起可识别欺凌行为发生率最高和最低的学生的风险因素。
在 13710 名学生中，任何欺凌行为的发生率为 37.3%，中度欺凌行为的发生率为 12.6%，频繁欺凌行为的发生率为 6.6%。多变量分析和 RPA 聚类中的欺凌行为特征相似。在 RPA 中，任何欺凌行为发生率最高（67%）的学生都有打架和携带武器的特点。携带武器、吸烟和每周饮酒超过 5-6 天的学生发生中度欺凌行为的风险最大（61%）。携带武器、吸烟、每天饮酒超过 1 杯、学业成绩较好/高、家庭经济状况较好/高、每天感到烦躁或脾气暴躁的学生发生频繁欺凌行为的风险最大（68%）。
任何、中度和频繁欺凌行为的风险聚类不同。打架和携带武器的儿童发生任何欺凌行为的风险最大。携带武器、吸烟和饮酒是中度和频繁欺凌行为的最大风险聚类因素。风险组类别可能有助于提供者识别欺凌行为发生率最高的儿童，并针对这些儿童进行干预。
