Lifestrength Physical Therapy, Inc, Towson, Maryland.
Sports Health. 2010 Nov;2(6):519-25. doi: 10.1177/1941738110377611.
Competitive swimming has become an increasingly popular sport in the United States. In 2007, more than 250 000 competitive swimmers were registered with USA Swimming, the national governing body. The average competitive swimmer swims approximately 60 000 to 80 000 m per week. With a typical count of 8 to 10 strokes per 25-m lap, each shoulder performs 30 000 rotations each week. This places tremendous stress on the shoulder girdle musculature and glenohumeral joint, and it is why shoulder pain is the most frequent musculoskeletal complaint among competitive swimmers.
Articles were obtained through a variety of medical search sources, including Medline, Google Scholar, and review articles from 1980 through January 2010.
The most common cause of shoulder pain in swimmers is supraspinatus tendinopathy. Glenohumeral instability and labral tears have also been reported, but a paucity of information remains regarding prevalence and treatment in swimmers.
Because of the great number of stroke repetitions and force generated through the upper extremity, the shoulder is uniquely vulnerable to injury in the competitive swimmer. Comprehensive evaluation should include the entire kinetic chain, including trunk strength and core stability.
竞技游泳在美国已经成为一项越来越受欢迎的运动。2007 年，有超过 25 万名竞技游泳运动员在美国游泳协会（国家管理机构）注册。一般来说，竞技游泳运动员每周的游泳距离约为 60000 到 80000 米。以每 25 米 8 到 10 次划水的典型次数计算，每个肩膀每周旋转 30000 次。这给肩部带肌和盂肱关节带来了巨大的压力，这也是为什么肩部疼痛是竞技游泳运动员最常见的肌肉骨骼投诉。
文章通过各种医学搜索来源获得，包括 Medline、Google Scholar 和 1980 年至 2010 年 1 月的综述文章。
游泳运动员肩部疼痛最常见的原因是冈上肌腱病。盂肱关节不稳定和盂唇撕裂也有报道，但关于游泳运动员的患病率和治疗方法，信息仍然很少。
由于上肢产生的划水次数和力量非常大，肩部在竞技游泳运动员中特别容易受伤。全面评估应包括整个动力链，包括躯干力量和核心稳定性。
