Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 321 Davie Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2012 Nov;16(11):533-40. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2012.09.005. Epub 2012 Oct 2.
The 'faculty psychology' approach to the mind, which attempts to explain mental function in terms of categories that reflect modular 'faculties', such as emotions, cognitions, and perceptions, has dominated research into the mind and its physical correlates. In this paper, we argue that brain organization does not respect the commonsense categories belonging to the faculty psychology approach. We review recent research from the science of emotion demonstrating that the human brain contains broadly distributed functional networks that can each be re-described as basic psychological operations that interact to produce a range of mental states, including, but not limited to, anger, sadness, fear, disgust, and so on. When compared to the faculty psychology approach, this 'constructionist' approach provides an alternative functional architecture to guide the design and interpretation of experiments in cognitive neuroscience.
“心智的机能心理学”方法试图用反映情绪、认知和感知等模块化“机能”的范畴来解释心理功能，这种方法主导了对心智及其物质关联的研究。在本文中，我们认为大脑组织并不尊重机能心理学方法所属的常识范畴。我们回顾了情感科学的最新研究，这些研究表明，人类大脑包含广泛分布的功能网络，每个网络都可以被重新描述为基本的心理运算，这些运算相互作用产生一系列心理状态，包括但不限于愤怒、悲伤、恐惧、厌恶等。与机能心理学方法相比，这种“建构主义”方法提供了一种替代的功能架构，以指导认知神经科学实验的设计和解释。
