Department of Psychology - Cognition and Behavior, University of Liège Liège, Belgium ; Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique Brussels, Belgium.
Front Psychol. 2012 Sep 25;3:363. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00363. eCollection 2012.
Recent findings have shown that mind-wandering - the occurrence of stimulus-independent and task-unrelated thoughts - is associated with negative affect and lower psychological well-being. However, it remains unclear whether this relationship is due to the occurrence of mind-wandering per se or to the fact that people who mind wander more tend to be generally less attentive to present-moment experience. In three studies, we first validate a French translation of a retrospective self-report questionnaire widely used to assess the general occurrence of mind-wandering in daily life - the Daydreaming Frequency Scale. Using this questionnaire, we then show that the relationship between mind-wandering frequency and psychological distress is fully accounted for by individual differences in dispositional mindful awareness and encoding style. These findings suggest that it may not be mind-wandering per se that is responsible for psychological distress, but rather the general tendency to be less aware and attentive to the present-moment. Thus, although mind-wandering and present-moment awareness are related constructs, they are not reducible to one another, and are distinguishable in terms of their relationship with psychological well-being.
最近的研究结果表明，思维漫游——即出现与刺激无关且与任务无关的想法——与负面情绪和较低的心理幸福感有关。然而，目前尚不清楚这种关系是由于思维漫游的发生本身，还是由于思维漫游较多的人往往对当前体验不太关注。在三项研究中，我们首先验证了一种广泛用于评估日常生活中思维漫游一般发生频率的回溯性自我报告问卷的法语翻译——白日梦频率量表。使用这个问卷，我们随后表明，思维漫游频率与心理困扰之间的关系完全可以由个体的正念意识和编码风格的差异来解释。这些发现表明，可能导致心理困扰的并不是思维漫游本身，而是对当前时刻不太关注和不太有意识的一般倾向。因此，尽管思维漫游和当前时刻意识是相关的概念，但它们并不能相互简化，并且可以根据它们与心理幸福感的关系来区分。
