Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2012 Nov;43(5 Suppl 4):S309-19. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.06.024.
Between 2003 and 2008, a total of 25 partnerships funded through the Active Living by Design (ALbD) program worked to change built environments and policies in communities to help citizens be active in their daily routines.
This paper systematically summarized the scope of ALbD physical projects and policy changes, described resources generated by the partnerships, and highlighted supports and barriers to the process.
Using a mixed-methods approach, multiple data sources, including key informant interviews, focus groups, and a web-based tracking system, were used to collect data during project implementation. Qualitative results were analyzed using systematic coding procedures to identify themes, ideas, and concepts derived from the data. Data analysis occurred in 2008-2010.
Most of the 25 partnerships documented physical projects and policy changes in each of the following sectors: urban planning (n=16); active transportation (n=23); trails/parks/recreation/open space (n=22); communities (n=22); and schools (n=18). ALbD community partnerships were successful at generating ≈ $256 million in resources beyond their initial grant, mostly through policy changes. Challenges included creating and sustaining political will and community support as well as securing technical expertise and resources. Planning and relationship building were critical to success in changing policy and implementing projects.
Although there is more to understand about how these change processes affect physical activity and health across populations and settings, as well as how social, cultural, and psychosocial factors influence community responses to the policy changes and physical projects, findings from this initiative provide a foundation for subsequent research and practice.
2003 年至 2008 年期间，共有 25 个合作伙伴关系通过积极生活设计（ALbD）计划获得资金，致力于改变社区的建筑环境和政策，帮助公民在日常生活中保持活跃。
本文系统总结了 ALbD 物理项目和政策变更的范围，描述了合作伙伴关系产生的资源，并强调了该过程的支持和障碍。
采用混合方法，包括关键知情人访谈、焦点小组和基于网络的跟踪系统在内的多种数据源，在项目实施期间收集数据。使用系统编码程序对定性结果进行分析，以识别数据中得出的主题、想法和概念。数据分析于 2008-2010 年进行。
25 个合作伙伴关系中的大多数都记录了每个以下领域的物理项目和政策变更：城市规划（n=16）；积极交通（n=23）；步道/公园/娱乐/开放空间（n=22）；社区（n=22）；和学校（n=18）。ALbD 社区合作伙伴关系成功地在初始赠款之外筹集了约 2.56 亿美元的资源，主要是通过政策变更。挑战包括创建和维持政治意愿和社区支持，以及确保技术专长和资源。规划和建立关系对于成功改变政策和实施项目至关重要。
尽管我们还需要更多地了解这些变化过程如何影响不同人群和环境中的身体活动和健康，以及社会、文化和心理社会因素如何影响社区对政策变化和物理项目的反应，但这一举措的发现为后续研究和实践提供了基础。
