伊朗婴儿通过母乳接触黄曲霉毒素M1的情况。
Infants' Exposure to Aflatoxin M1 from Mother's Breast Milk in Iran.
作者信息
Ghiasian Sa, Maghsood Ah
机构信息
Dept.of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
出版信息
Iran J Public Health. 2012;41(3):119-26. Epub 2012 Mar 31.
BACKGROUND
The occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk, especially breast milk, is a valuable biomarker for exposure determination to aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)). In the present study, the risk of exposure to AFM(1) in infants fed breast milk was investigated.
METHODS
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for the analysis of AFM(1) in breast milk samples from 132 lactating mothers referred to four urban Mothers and Babies Care Unit of Hamadan, western Iran.
RESULTS
AFM(1) was detected in eight samples (6.06%) at mean concentration of 9.45 ng/L. The minimum and maximum of concentration was 7.1 to 10.8 ng/L, respectively. Although the concentration of AFM(1) in none of the samples was higher than the maximum tolerance limit accepted by USA and European Union (25 ng/kg) however, 25% had a level of AFM(1) above the allowable level of Australia and Switzerland legal limit (10 ng/L).
CONCLUSIONS
Lactating mothers and infants in western parts of Iran could be at risk for AFB(1) and AFM(1) exposure, respectively. Considering all this information, the investigation of AFM(1) in lactating mothers as a biomarker for post-natal exposure of infants to this carcinogen deserves further studies in various seasons and different parts of Iran.
背景
牛奶尤其是母乳中黄曲霉毒素M1（AFM1）的出现，是黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）暴露测定的重要生物标志物。在本研究中，对母乳喂养婴儿暴露于AFM1的风险进行了调查。
方法
采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）分析了来自伊朗西部哈马丹四个城市母婴护理单位的132名哺乳期母亲母乳样本中的AFM1。
结果
在8个样本（6.06%）中检测到AFM1，平均浓度为9.45 ng/L。浓度最小值和最大值分别为7.1至10.8 ng/L。虽然没有一个样本中AFM1的浓度高于美国和欧盟认可的最大耐受限度（25 ng/kg），但是25%的样本中AFM1水平高于澳大利亚和瑞士法定限度（10 ng/L）的允许水平。
结论
伊朗西部的哺乳期母亲和婴儿可能分别面临AFB1和AFM1暴露风险。考虑到所有这些信息，将哺乳期母亲体内的AFM1作为婴儿出生后暴露于这种致癌物的生物标志物进行调查，在伊朗不同季节和不同地区值得进一步研究。
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