Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium.
Nutr Diabetes. 2012 Jan 23;2(1):e28. doi: 10.1038/nutd.2011.24.
Alterations in the composition of gut microbiota -known as dysbiosis- have been proposed to contribute to the development of obesity, thereby supporting the potential interest of nutrients acting on the gut microbes to produce beneficial effect on host energetic metabolism. Non-digestible fermentable carbohydrates present in cereals may be interesting nutrients able to influence the gut microbiota composition.
The aim of the present study was to test the prebiotic potency of arabinoxylan oligosaccharides (AXOS) prepared from wheat bran in a nutritional model of obesity, associated with a low-grade chronic systemic inflammation. Mice were fed either a control diet or a high fat (HF) diet, or a HF diet supplemented with AXOS during 8 weeks.
AXOS supplementation induced caecal and colon enlargement associated with an important bifidogenic effect. It increased the level of circulating satietogenic peptides produced by the colon (peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1), and coherently counteracted HF-induced body weight gain and fat mass development. HF-induced hyperinsulinemia and the Homeostasis Model Assessment of insulin resistance were decreased upon AXOS feeding. In addition, AXOS reduced HF-induced metabolic endotoxemia, macrophage infiltration (mRNA of F4/80) in the adipose tissue and interleukin 6 (IL6) in the plasma. The tight junction proteins (zonula occludens 1 and claudin 3) altered upon HF feeding were upregulated by AXOS treatment suggesting that the lower inflammatory tone was associated with the improvement of gut barrier function.
Together, these findings suggest that specific non-digestible carbohydrates produced from cereals such as AXOS constitute a promising prebiotic nutrient in the control of obesity and related metabolic disorders.
肠道微生物群落组成的改变——即菌群失调，被认为有助于肥胖的发生，从而支持了作用于肠道微生物的营养素产生有益宿主能量代谢的潜在作用。谷物中存在的不可消化的可发酵碳水化合物可能是一种有前途的营养素，能够影响肠道微生物群落的组成。
本研究旨在测试从小麦麸皮中制备的阿拉伯木聚糖低聚糖（AXOS）在与低度慢性全身炎症相关的肥胖营养模型中的益生元潜力。将小鼠分别喂食对照饮食、高脂肪（HF）饮食或 HF 饮食加 AXOS 8 周。
AXOS 补充可引起盲肠和结肠增大，与重要的双歧杆菌作用有关。它增加了由结肠产生的循环饱腹肽（肽 YY 和胰高血糖素样肽-1）的水平，并一致地抵消了 HF 诱导的体重增加和脂肪量增加。AXOS 喂养可降低 HF 诱导的高胰岛素血症和胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估。此外，AXOS 降低了 HF 诱导的代谢性内毒素血症、脂肪组织中巨噬细胞浸润（F4/80 的 mRNA）和血浆中白细胞介素 6（IL6）。AXOS 处理可上调 HF 喂养时改变的紧密连接蛋白（闭锁蛋白 1 和 Claudin 3），表明较低的炎症状态与改善肠道屏障功能有关。
总之，这些发现表明，谷物中产生的特定不可消化的碳水化合物，如 AXOS，是控制肥胖和相关代谢紊乱的一种有前途的益生元营养素。
