Caliciviruses Section/LID/NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Virol J. 2012 Nov 29;9:297. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-9-297.
Vesiviruses in the family Caliciviridae infect a broad range of animal hosts including mammals, birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles. The vesivirus Cro1 strains were isolated from diseased snakes in the San Diego zoo in 1978 and reported as the first caliciviruses found in reptiles. The goal of this study was to characterize the Cro1 strain 780032I that was isolated in cell culture from a rock rattlesnake (Crotalus lepidus) in the original outbreak.
We re-amplified the original virus stock in Vero cells, and determined its full-length genome sequence. The Cro1 genome is 8296 nucleotides (nt) in length and has a typical vesivirus organization, with three open reading frames (ORF), ORF1 (5643 nt), ORF2 (2121 nt), and ORF3 (348 nt) encoding a nonstructural polyprotein, the major capsid protein precursor, and a minor structural protein, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the full-length genome sequence revealed that the Cro1 virus clustered most closely with the VESV species of the genus Vesivirus, but was genetically distinct (82-83% identities with closest strains).
This is the first description of a full-length genome sequence from a reptile calicivirus (Cro1). The availability of the Cro1 genome sequence should facilitate investigation of the molecular mechanisms involved in Cro1 virus evolution and host range.
杯状病毒科的杯状病毒感染范围广泛，包括哺乳动物、鸟类、鱼类、两栖动物和爬行动物等多种动物宿主。1978 年，从圣地亚哥动物园患病蛇中分离出的蛇杯状病毒 Cro1 株，被报道为首次在爬行动物中发现的杯状病毒。本研究的目的是对从最初暴发中在细胞培养物中分离出的响尾蛇（Crotalus lepidus）的 Cro1 株 780032I 进行特征描述。
我们在vero 细胞中重新扩增了原始病毒株，并确定了其全长基因组序列。Cro1 基因组长 8296 个核苷酸（nt），具有典型的杯状病毒结构，包含三个开放阅读框（ORF），ORF1（5643nt）、ORF2（2121nt）和 ORF3（348nt），分别编码非结构多聚蛋白、主要衣壳蛋白前体和次要结构蛋白。全长基因组序列的系统进化分析表明，Cro1 病毒与杯状病毒属的 VESV 种聚类最密切，但在遗传上是不同的（与最接近的菌株具有 82-83%的同一性）。
这是首次对来自爬行动物杯状病毒（Cro1）的全长基因组序列进行描述。Cro1 基因组序列的获得应有助于研究 Cro1 病毒进化和宿主范围的分子机制。
