Li Donghong, Li Pengxi, Zang Jiatao, Liu Jiancang
State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Second Department of Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China. lqs
J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012;2012:981321. doi: 10.1155/2012/981321. Epub 2012 Nov 5.
Novel microparticles based on chitosan and sodium alginate were prepared using emulsification and cross-linking technologies. The spherical microparticles had a porous surface and a diameter of 2 ~ 40 μm. In simulated body fluid, these microparticles quickly swelled but gradually degraded. The results of the MTT assay revealed that a slight inhibition of cell proliferation was observed on day 2 and then gradually decreased afterward. No cell morphology changes were observed. By loading tranexamic acid, the hemostatic performance of the microparticles was obviously improved. Using fast-acting styptic powder (Flashclot) as the control, the hemostatic efficiency was investigated in rabbits using a liver transection bleeding model. It was found that both Flashclot and the microparticles achieved hemostasis in 3.07 ± 0.84 min and 2.48 ± 0.88 min, respectively; however, the tranexamic acid-loaded microparticles stopped the bleeding in 1.90 ± 0.75 min (P < 0.05). Additionally, Flashclot resulted in heat injury to the experimental livers, while the microparticles did not. Thus, with their biodegradability, safety, and superior hemostatic efficiency, tranexamic acid-loaded microparticles might be a promising new powdered hemostatic agent with a wide range of potential applications.
采用乳化和交联技术制备了基于壳聚糖和海藻酸钠的新型微粒。这些球形微粒表面多孔，直径为2~40μm。在模拟体液中，这些微粒迅速膨胀但逐渐降解。MTT法检测结果显示，第2天观察到细胞增殖有轻微抑制，随后逐渐下降。未观察到细胞形态变化。通过负载氨甲环酸，微粒的止血性能明显提高。以速效止血粉（Flashclot）作为对照，采用肝横断出血模型在兔体内研究了止血效率。结果发现，Flashclot和微粒分别在3.07±0.84分钟和2.48±0.88分钟实现止血；然而，负载氨甲环酸的微粒在1.90±0.75分钟止血（P<0.05）。此外，Flashclot对实验肝脏造成热损伤，而微粒未造成热损伤。因此，负载氨甲环酸的微粒具有生物可降解性、安全性和卓越的止血效率，可能是一种具有广泛潜在应用前景的新型粉末状止血剂。
