Peat J K, Woolcock A J, Cullen K
Department of Medicine, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Thorax. 1990 Jan;45(1):32-7. doi: 10.1136/thx.45.1.32.
Data collected during seven population health surveys over 18 years in Busselton, Western Australia, were examined to determine the effect of smoking on lung function and to investigate the development of chronic airflow limitation. Lung function was measured and details of respiratory illness and smoking histories were collected from subjects attending surveys at three year intervals from 1966 to 1984. Data from ex-smokers and asthmatic patients (diagnosis based on answer to questionnaire) were excluded. Regression of height adjusted forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) on age was calculated individually for 759 non-smokers and 225 regular smokers with four or more observations. Decline in height adjusted FEV1 was similar for men and women. In smokers the rate of decline in FEV1 was greater than in non-smokers and was related to the amount smoked, to the extent that a smoker could expect a 20-30% greater rate of decline than a non-smoker of the same age. Chronic airflow limitation (defined as FEV1/FEV less than 65% or FEV1 less than 65% predicted on at least two occasions) was common, occurring in 24% of men and 18% of women who were regular smokers and in 5% of male and 8% of female non-smokers. These figures are higher than those reported in other populations, especially for women and for non-smokers. Not all chronic airflow limitation was associated with respiratory symptoms, confirming that the condition may be unrecognised until it is advanced.
对在西澳大利亚州巴瑟尔顿进行的为期18年的七次人群健康调查期间收集的数据进行了分析，以确定吸烟对肺功能的影响，并研究慢性气流受限的发展情况。对肺功能进行了测量，并从1966年至1984年每三年参加一次调查的受试者中收集了呼吸系统疾病和吸烟史的详细信息。排除了已戒烟者和哮喘患者（根据问卷回答进行诊断）的数据。对759名不吸烟者和225名有四次或更多观察数据的经常吸烟者，分别计算了身高校正的一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）随年龄的回归情况。身高校正后的FEV1下降在男性和女性中相似。吸烟者的FEV1下降率高于不吸烟者，且与吸烟量有关，以至于吸烟者的下降率比同年龄的不吸烟者高出20%-30%。慢性气流受限（定义为FEV1/FEV小于65%或FEV1小于预测值的65%，至少两次）很常见，在经常吸烟的男性中占24%，女性中占18%；在不吸烟的男性中占5%，女性中占8%。这些数字高于其他人群报告的数字，尤其是女性和不吸烟者。并非所有慢性气流受限都伴有呼吸道症状，这证实了这种情况在病情发展之前可能未被识别。
