Department of Cognitive Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2013 Aug;43(8):1880-94. doi: 10.1007/s10803-012-1737-z.
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) and Williams syndrome (WS) are both genetic disorders which present with similar cognitive-behavioral problems, but distinct social phenotypes. Despite these social differences both syndromes display poor social relations which may result from abnormal social processing. This study aimed to manipulate the location of socially salient information within scenes to investigate the visual attentional mechanisms of: capture, disengagement, and/or general engagement. Findings revealed that individuals with FXS avoid social information presented centrally, at least initially. The WS findings, on the other hand, provided some evidence that difficulties with attentional disengagement, rather than attentional capture, may play a role in the WS social phenotype. These findings are discussed in relation to the distinct social phenotypes of these two disorders.
脆性 X 综合征 (FXS) 和威廉姆斯综合征 (WS) 均为遗传性疾病，它们表现出相似的认知行为问题，但具有不同的社会表型。尽管存在这些社会差异，这两种综合征都表现出较差的社会关系，这可能是由于异常的社会处理所致。本研究旨在操纵场景中社会显著信息的位置，以研究：捕获、脱离和/或一般参与的视觉注意机制。研究结果表明，FXS 患者至少最初会避免呈现于中央的社会信息。而 WS 的研究结果则提供了一些证据，表明注意力脱离而不是注意力捕获可能在 WS 的社会表型中起作用。这些发现与这两种疾病的不同社会表型有关。
